博碩士論文 92322030 詳細資訊



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姓名 吳嘉賓(Chia-Pin Wu)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 土石壩受震應變潛能法之整合研究
(An Integrated Strain Potential Methodology for Analyzing Seismic Permanent Deformation of Earth Dams)
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摘要(中) 為能得到合理的土石壩震前靜力、受震反應與震後變形分析結果，如何取得代表性的築壩材料土壤參數是其主要關鍵。本研究蒐集國內多座土石壩築壩材料之靜動態特性資料，並從某規劃中土石壩借土區取樣，製作夯實重模試體進行動態特性與動態強度試驗，期望蒐集的靜動態特性資料與動態試驗結果能初步建立台灣土石壩靜動態性質參數資料庫，並提供相關土石壩靜、動態分析之參考依據。
此外，為能合理地估計輾壓式土石壩震損所發生的有限變形，本研究以商業軟體FLAC2D程式為基礎，撰寫一系列相關的FISH副程式，改良Seed等人(1973)的總應力應變潛能分析程序，使單一的FLAC2D程式能簡易且完整地執行傳統繁雜的分析程序，深具實際應用價值。在有效應力分析方面，本研究建議兩種簡易的孔隙水壓激發模式，以分別用於模擬水力淤填式與輾壓式土石壩在地震荷載下之力學行為。最後，根據真實土石壩震害案例的模擬與分析，顯示本研究的各分析方法能獲得尚稱合理之分析成效，可提供土石壩耐震安全評估工作參考使用。
摘要(英) Representative properties of earth dam materials are very important parameters in stress analysis of dam construction and seepage, seismic response analysis and seismic permanent deformations analysis. Therefore, this study first collected soil static and dynamic properties from the reports of safety assessments of major earth dams in Taiwan, and performed a series of dynamic property and strength tests on compacted soils from the borrow areas of a planning earth dam. The collected data and dynamic test results can be used to establish static and dynamic parameter database of earth dam materials in Taiwan.
This thesis presents a new integrated procedure to perform earth filling and seepage analysis, dynamic analysis and seismic residual deformation computation for an earth dam by a single program FLAC2D to prevent engineers from using so many different programs adopted in the strain potential methodology that first proposed by H. B. Seed and his group in 1973. All the models and parameters needed in the strain potential methodology were coded into FLAC2D program by FISH language. The procedure also proposes two kinds of simple pore water pressure generation models to analyze seismic responses of hydraulic fill and compacted fill dams in an effective stress manner.
Liyutan Dam and Lower San Fernando dam are the two cases used to verify the performances of the proposed procedure. The results of case analyses are reasonable and the numerical simulations are similar to the recorded post-earthquake deformation behavior. This suggests that the proposed integrated procedure is practical and efficient. It can provide engineers an easy way to perform the complicated seismic analysis of earth dam using strain potential methodology.
關鍵字(中) ★ 土石壩
★ 應變潛能
★ 永久變形
★ 總應力
★ 有效應力
★ 土壤液化		 關鍵字(英) ★ soil liquefaction
★ effective stress
★ total stress
★ permanent deformation
★ earth dam
★ strain potential
論文目次 第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究內容與流程 2
1.3 論文架構 3
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 土石壩震害案例 6
2.1.1 美國土石壩震害 6
2.1.1.1 謝菲爾德壩 (Sheffield Dam) 7
2.1.1.2 聖費南多壩 (San Fernando Dam) 9
2.1.1.3 海布根壩 (Hebgen Dam) 15
2.1.2 日本土石壩震害 17
2.1.3 台灣土石壩震害 23
2.1.3.1 鯉魚潭壩 24
2.1.3.2 日月潭水庫水社壩與頭社壩 25
2.1.4 土石壩震害原因與機制 31
2.2 土石壩受震分析方法 36
2.2.1 仿靜態分析法 36
2.2.2 Newmark 滑動塊分析法 41
2.2.3 總應力有限變形分析法 48
2.2.4 有效應力動態分析法 61
2.3 土石壩之設計與施工 72
2.3.1 設計 73
2.3.2 築壩材料之要求 77
2.3.3 施工 79
2.4 土石壩之耐震設計 82
2.4.1 國外土石壩之耐震設計 82
2.4.2 國內土石壩之耐震設計 84
2.4.3 台灣土石壩之耐震安全評估結果 86
第三章 築壩材料之靜、動態特性 89
3.1 台灣土石壩靜、動態特性資料 90
3.2 築壩材料之動態性質 93
3.3 築壩材料之動態變形特性 114
3.4 地震資料反算之動態特性 125
第四章 總應力有限變形分析程序之改良 131
4.1 震前填築靜力分析 133
4.1.1 土壤靜態組成模式 133
4.1.2 填築過程之模擬分析 133
4.2 研究用之範例土石壩 154
4.3 滲流分析 155
4.4 動態反應分析 159
4.4.1 土壤動態組成模式 159
4.4.2 擬線性頻率域分析法與非線性時間域分析法之比較 159
4.5 依據動態強度曲線將地震應力歷時轉成等值規則應力與作用週數 184
4.5.1 等值規則應力與作用週數之轉換 184
4.5.2 應用經驗模態分解法分解殘餘剪應力 186
4.5.3 擬線性與非線性分析法等值週數之比較 189
4.6 動態變形試驗結果之比對 195
4.6.1 室內試驗動態強度與現地應力之轉換 195
4.6.2 動態變形試驗結果之整理與比對 195
4.6.3 擬線性與非線性分析法殘餘應變之比較 201
4.7 震後土石壩永久變形之分析 205
4.7.1 模數弱化與震陷分析 205
4.7.2 擬線性與非線性分析法震後永久變形之比較 205
第五章 有效應力分析方法 210
5.1 盧志杰和黃俊鴻(2008)建議之Finn水壓激發增量模式 213
5.1.1 土壤組成模式 213
5.1.2 孔隙水壓激發模式 214
5.1.3 FLAC2D內建水壓激發模式之改善 214
5.1.4範例土石壩之增量Finn模式的有效應力分析 215
5.2 本研究的應力膨脹水壓激發模式 219
5.2.1 土壤組成模式 219
5.2.2 孔隙水壓激發模式 219
5.2.3 數值程式的元素試驗 220
5.2.4範例土石壩之有效應力分析 226
第六章 案例分析 231
6.1 鯉魚潭壩 231
6.1.1 分析模式之建立 231
6.1.2 震前初始靜態應力與變形分析結果 236
6.1.3 總應力有限變形程序之分析結果 243
6.1.4 有效應力分析結果 259
6.2 下聖費南多壩 264
6.2.1 分析模式之建立 264
6.2.2 震前初始靜態靜力分析 268
6.2.3 有效應力分析 270
第七章 結論與建議 278
7.1 結論 278
7.2 建議 280
參考文獻 282
附錄A 12座台灣土石壩安全評估之摘要(列舉兩壩為例) 296
附錄B 12座台灣土石壩靜動態特性參數(列舉兩壩為例) 300
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指導教授 黃俊鴻(Jin-Hung Hwang) 審核日期 2009-2-3
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