自承式雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統穩定性之研究

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黃文璽(Wen-Shi Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

自承式雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統穩定性之研究

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摘要(中)

目前工程界於較堅硬的土層中發展出以無支撐雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統做為擋土設施之開挖工法，但對於影響其穩定性之因素、及開挖後對周遭地盤之影響卻未有深入之研究。
本研究利用離心模型試驗，分別探討單排樁樁間距、雙排樁前後排樁間距、雙排樁排間距以及砂土相對密度對自承式鋼軌樁擋土系統穩定性的影響，以及對鄰近地盤和對建物的衝擊。
研究結果顯示，以自承式鋼軌樁擋土系統做為擋土設施時，頂繫梁之施作有一定的必要性，而土壤相對密度之增加及樁間距縮短有助於減少擋土系統之水平變位及整體沉陷量。於雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統中，加大前排樁間距對擋土系統之穩定性有較大的不良影響，而增大排間距會減少擋土系統之變位，有助於擋土系統之穩定。開挖工程進行時，原地表面處樁身軸力會隨著已開挖深度增加而增加。另外，研究中發現僅有擋土系統之鋼軌樁排數會影響最大壁體水平位移與牆後最大地表沉陷量的關係。

摘要(英)

Recently the unbraced double-row rail pile retaining system has been developed and used in the good field ground condition. However, there are only a few follow-up researches which study the factors that affect the stability of retaining system, deformation of adjacent ground buildings.
In this research, by using the unbraced rail piles retaining system, two series of centrifuge modeling tests are used to study how these five factors, including the piles spacing in the single-row system, the spacing of the front and rear row piles in the double-row system, the distance between the rows in the double-row system, and the relative density of the sand affect the adjacent areas and buildings.
The results show the necessity of constructing a tie beam on top of the pile head. Increasing the density of the sand and smaller spacing between the piles in the same row reduce the horizontal deformation and the settlement of the whole retaining system. In the double-row rail piles system, the spacing between the piles in the front row influences the stability of the retaining system more obviously than that in the rear row. Also, increasing distance between the front and rear row in the double-row system reduce the deformation and improve the stability of the retaining system. In the process of the excavation, with the increasing of excavation depth, the axial force of the piles near ground surface also increases. Moreover, the research demonstrates that only the numbers of the row in the retaining system affect the relation between the maximum horizontal displacement of the wall and the maximum surface settlement behind the wall.

關鍵字(中)

★ 開挖
★ 雙排鋼軌樁
★ 單排鋼軌樁
★ 地盤變位
★ 無支撐

關鍵字(英)

★ Unbraced
★ Double-row rail pile
★ Single-row rail pile
★ Ground deformation
★ Excavation

論文目次

中文摘要.............................................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.............................................................................Ⅱ
目錄.........................................................................................Ⅲ
表目錄...................................................................................Ⅵ
圖目錄...................................................................................Ⅶ
照片目錄.........................................................................ⅩⅡ
符號說明.........................................................................ⅩⅢ
第一章緒論.............................................................................1
1-1 序…...........................................................................................1
1-2 研究動機及目的.......................................................................2
1-3 研究架構...................................................................................2
1-4 論文內容...................................................................................3
第二章文獻回顧.....................................................................5
2-1 懸臂式擋土壁分析理論...........................................................5
2-1-1 內擠破壞分析...............................................................................6
2-2 現場觀測分析與歸納...............................................................7
2-3 數值分析方法.........................................................................12
2-4 物理模型試驗.........................................................................14
2-4-1 1g下之物理模型試驗................................................................14
2-4-2 離心模型試驗............................................................................14
2-5 離心模型基本原理.................................................................20
2-5-1 離心模型之基本相似律............................................................20
2-5-2 離心模型試驗之模型模擬........................................................23
第三章試驗土樣、儀器設備及試驗方法............................51
3-1 試驗土樣.................................................................................51
3-2 試驗儀器及相關設備.............................................................51
3-2-1 地工離心機................................................................................51
3-2-2 模型試驗箱................................................................................52
3-2-3 移動式霣降機............................................................................53
3-2-4 模型鋼軌樁檔土系統................................................................55
3-2-5 開挖模擬系統............................................................................56
3-2-6 相關量測儀器............................................................................57
3-3 砂試體準備與試驗步驟.........................................................58
3-3-1 試體準備....................................................................................58
3-3-2 離心模型試驗............................................................................59
第四章試驗結果與分析.......................................................83
4-1 試驗類別.................................................................................83
4-2 鋼軌樁樁身彎矩分佈.............................................................85
4-2-1 樁間距1m單排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩分佈.....................................85
4-2-2 開挖貫入比及樁間距對樁身彎矩之影響……........................86
4-2-3 雙排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩分佈........................................................87
4-2-3-1 排間距對雙排鋼軌樁樁身彎距之影響.................................87
4-2-3-2 前後排樁間距對雙排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩之影響.....................87
4-2-3-3 土壤相對密度對雙排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩之影響.....................88
4-3 開挖過程樁身彎矩與原地表面處樁身軸力變化.................89
4-3-1 開挖深度對單排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩之影響................................89
4-3-2 已開挖深度對雙排鋼軌樁樁身彎矩之影響............................90
4-3-3 原地表面處樁身軸力變化........................................................91
4-3-3-1 排間距對原地表面處樁身軸力之影響.................................91
4-3-3-2 前後排樁樁間距對原地表面處樁身軸力之影響.................92
4-3-3-3 土壤相對密度對原地表面處樁身軸力之影響.....................93
4-4 鋼軌樁樁樁頂水平變位、地表沉陷與頂繫梁剛體位移.......93
4-4-1 鋼軌樁樁頂水平變位................................................................94
4-4-2 地表沉陷型態............................................................................96
4-4-3 地表沉陷槽分佈範圍................................................................98
4-4-4 頂繫梁剛體位移......................................................................100
4-5 鋼軌樁樁體變形分析...........................................................101
4-5-1 單排鋼軌樁樁體變形..............................................................101
4-5-2 雙排鋼軌樁樁體變形..............................................................102
4-6 鋼軌樁剪力與地盤反力分析...............................................103
4-6-1 樁身所承受的剪力..................................................................104
4-6-1-1 單排樁樁身所受之剪力.......................................................104
4-6-1-2 雙排樁樁身所受之剪力.......................................................105
4-6-2 地盤反力分析..........................................................................107
4-6-2-1 單排樁所受之地盤反力.......................................................107
4-6-2-2 雙排樁所受之地盤反力.......................................................107
4-6-3 理論土壓力與地盤反力比較..................................................109
4-7 土壓力分析...........................................................................110
4-7-1 作用於單排鋼軌樁上的土壓力分析......................................110
4-7-2 作用於雙排鋼軌樁上的土壓力分析......................................111
4-7-2-1 排間距對土壓力的影響.......................................................111
4-7-2-2 前後排樁間距對土壓力的影響...........................................111
4-7-2-3 土壤相對密度對土壓力的影響...........................................112
4-8 自承式鋼軌樁擋土系統穩定分析.......................................113
4-8-1 單排鋼軌樁擋土系統..............................................................113
4-8-2 前後對稱之雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統..........................................116
4-8-3 非前後對稱之雙排鋼軌樁擋土系統......................................118
4-9 雙排樁牆體勁度換算...........................................................119
第五章結論與建議.............................................................187
5-1 結論.......................................................................................187
5-2 建議.......................................................................................189
參考文獻.................................................................................190

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指導教授

李崇正(C-J Lee)

審核日期

2006-12-27

推文