整合光達資料與道路輪廓圖重建三維道路模型

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姓名

羅詔元(Chao-Yuan Lo) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

整合光達資料與道路輪廓圖重建三維道路模型
(Fusion of LIDAR Data and Road Maps for the Reconstruction of 3-D Road Models)

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摘要(中)

摘要
由於道路類型的多樣化與複雜性，傳統二維道路輪廓圖已無法充分展現立體道路與立體交流道。因此，三維道路模型重建為空間資訊領域重要的研究方向之一，藉由整合光達資料豐富的三維資訊，與道路輪廓線精確的道路範圍，重建三維道路模型。研究內容包含兩部份：二維路網建立與三維道路模型重建。
二維路網建立部份，將道路輪廓線經由分割、連結與配對處理產生道路中心線，再由中心線產生路網位相關係。三維道路模型重建部份，由光達資料經處理後產生初始模型，再以區域路網高程平差修正道路豎曲線得到精確模型。
測試區域為新竹科學園區，光達點雲密度為每平方公尺1.73點，道路輪廓圖比例尺為千分之一。二維路網建立的正確性均高於95%，剩餘以人工編修產生完整路網。道路模塑的相對精度於一般道路區域約為0.10公尺，若為坡度道路則約為0.20公尺。

摘要(英)

ABSTRACT
Due to the diversity and complexity of the road types, traditional 2-D road maps are insufficient to represent 3-D road models when multi-layer road systems are considered. The reconstruction of 3-D road models, thus, becomes an important task in the geoinformatic area.
The LIDAR data contains the height information of the road surface. The road maps record the accurate boundaries. Thus, we fuse LIDAR data and road maps to reconstruct the 3-D road models. The proposed scheme comprises two major parts: establishment of 2-D road networks and 3-D road modeling. In the first part, the roadsides in the maps are split, merged, and paired for the determination of road centerlines and the formation of networks. In the second one, the heights of the road centerlines are derived from LIDAR data to represent the road surface. Then the profiles of the 3-D roads are modified by the least squares adjustment. Finally, the patches are organized in road models in terms of ribbons.
The test data covers Hsin-Chu city in the north Taiwan. The point density of LIDAR data is 1.73 points/m2. The scale of the road maps is 1:1,000. The experimental results show that the successful rate of the automatic reconstruction for 2-D road networks is above 95%. After the enhancement of the planimetric road networks by manual editing, the reconstructed 3-D road models reach a modeling accuracy of 0.10m to 0.20m.

關鍵字(中)

★ 二維路網
★ 道路輪廓圖
★ 光達資料
★ 重建
★ 三維道路模型

關鍵字(英)

★ 3-D Road Models
★ Reconstruction
★ Road Maps
★ LIDAR Data
★ 2-D Road Networks

論文目次

目錄
第一章前言 1
1.1. 研究背景介紹 3
1.1.1. 二維路網建立 3
1.1.2. 三維模型重建 7
1.2. 研究動機與目的 11
1.3. 研究方法與內容 13
第二章二維路網建立 17
2.1. 中心線生成 20
2.2. 路網建立 25
第三章三維道路重建 29
3.1. 初始模型重建 31
3.1.1. 道路點雲萃取 32
3.1.2. 路面點雲萃取 32
3.1.2.1. 面擬合 35
3.1.2.2. 局部最低點 37
3.1.3. 平滑化處理 38
3.2. 精確模型重建 40
3.2.1. 節點高程平差 41
3.2.2. 折點高程平差 43
3.2.3. 產生精確模型 43
3.2.4. 模型視覺化 44
3.3. 自動化成果驗證 44
3.4. 模型坡度與坡度差驗證 45
3.5. 路網拼接 49
第四章研究成果與分析 50
4.1. 研究資料 51
4.2. 二維路網建立成果 52
4.2.1. 測區I二維路網 53
4.2.2. 測區II二維路網 58
4.2.3. 測區III二維路網 64
4.3. 三維道路模型重建成果 67
4.3.1. 測區I道路模型 68
4.3.2. 測區II道路模型 73
4.3.3. 測區III道路模型 79
4.4. 道路模型坡度與坡度差驗證 87
4.5. 道路模型拼接成果 99
4.6. 失敗例分析 102
第五章結論與展望 104
參考文獻 107

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指導教授

陳良健(Liang-Chien Chen)

審核日期

2006-7-6

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