以Cz法生長摻鎂鈮酸鋰單晶

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：56

、訪客IP：3.147.27.71

姓名

鄭文翔(Wen-Hsiang Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

以Cz法生長摻鎂鈮酸鋰單晶
(MgO doped lithium niobate single crystals were grown by the Czochralski method.)

相關論文

★ 鋰鋁矽酸鹽之負熱膨脹陶瓷製程	★ 鋰鋁矽酸鹽摻鈦陶瓷之性質研究
★ 高功率LED之熱場模擬與結構分析	★ 干涉微影之曝光與顯影參數對週期性結構外型之影響
★ 週期性極化反轉鈮酸鋰之結構製作與研究	★ 圖案化藍寶石基板之濕式蝕刻
★ 高功率發光二極體於自然對流環境下之熱流場分析	★ 液珠撞擊熱板之飛濺行為現象分析
★ 柴式法生長氧化鋁單晶過程最佳化熱流場之分析	★ 柴式法生長氧化鋁單晶過程晶體內部輻射對於固液界面及熱應力之分析
★ 交流電發光二極體之接面溫度量測	★ 柴氏法生長單晶矽過程之氧雜質傳輸控制數值分析
★ 泡生法生長大尺寸氧化鋁單晶降溫過程中晶體熱場及熱應力分析	★ KY法生長大尺寸氧化鋁單晶之數值模擬分析
★ 外加水平式磁場柴氏法生長單晶矽之熱流場及氧雜質傳輸數值分析	★ 大尺寸LED晶片Efficiency Droop之光電熱效應研究

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

鈮酸鋰晶體是目前光電晶體種類裡面最常被拿來使用的光電材料，因此多年來研究繁多。然而，未摻雜共熔配比鈮酸鋰晶體受光折效應過強時影響會導致光損傷，通常可透過摻雜一些MgO或ZnO來降低損傷。而本實驗是以自行架設的柴式生長法(Czochralaki；Cz)生長出各種不同濃度(1、3、5mol%)的摻鎂共熔配比鈮酸鋰晶體(Congruent Lithium Niobate；CLN)，再利用極化(poling)處理使晶體的多疇結構(Muti-domain)，轉換成單疇(Single-domain)晶體。最後利用氣相傳輸平衡法(Vapor Transport Equilibration；VTE)將極化處理完的共熔配比的摻鎂鈮酸鋰晶體轉換成近化學計量配比摻鎂鈮酸鋰晶體(Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate；SLN)。
從實驗結果發現，極化處理時在施加一定的電壓下，電流會漸漸上升至最大值，此最大值會在1.5~2.5mA/cm2，雖然摻鎂可以使晶體的抗光強度提高很多，然而經過VTE處理後的摻鎂鈮酸鋰，會隨著原本CZ生長摻鎂量的增加而使能經由VTE進入晶體內的鋰離子變少。對於摻鎂鈮酸鋰的性質檢測，我們使用UV 吸收光譜、FTIR 光譜與Raman光譜等光學儀器來確定其性質，並從結果中來討論其中的物理特性。

摘要(英)

LiNbO3 crystals is used electrictel-opto materials in the electrictel-opto crystals, thus has been studied for many years. However, high-intensity single-beam photorefractive data on un-doped congruent LiNbO3 crystals show occurrence of a well-defind intensity threshold for optial damage of the output beam. This problem is doped MgO and ZnO. In the study, Magnesium (Mg) doped lithium niobate (LiNbO3) single crystals with different Mg concentrations were grown by the Czochralski method from a congruent melt composition. The electic field parameter to obtain single-domain crystals are presented in situ poling of crystals. Magnesium(Mg)-doped near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals (Mg:SLN) were prepared by the vapor transport equilibration (VTE) technique from Mg-doped congruent lithium niobate crystals (Mg:CLN).
For the observation of experimenting result, the poling was carried out during growth by applying a DC electric field across the crystal-melt system with current densities varying from 1.5 to 2.5 mA/cm2. However, the doping concentration of Mg is hard to reach its second threshold in crystals grown by normal Czochralski technique. So, vapor transport equilibration method was employed to improve the [Li]/[Nb] ratio of Mg:LiNbO3 crystals. We investigate the optical properties of the crystal fibers form the equipments of UV absorption edge, IR absorption spectrum and Raman spectrum. We also discuss the physic characteristics from the measured optical properties.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鈮酸鋰
★ 鎂
★ 極化

關鍵字(英)

★ poling
★ LiNbO3
★ MgO

論文目次

摘要··········································································································I
英文摘要··························································································II
目錄········································································································III
表目錄····································································································V
圖目錄···································································································VI
第一章緒論·····························································································1
1-1前言·····························································································1
1-2鈮酸裡晶體特性··········································································2
1-2-1鈮酸鋰晶體結構··································································2
1-2-2鈮酸鋰晶體性質································································3
1-2-3共熔配比與化學計量配比鈮酸鋰（CLN and SLN）之差別····4
1-3柴式提拉法··················································································6
1-3-1熱場與流場對晶體生長之影響············································7
1-4鈮酸鋰晶體之摻雜影響·······························································8
1-4-1摻鎂之鈮酸鋰特性·····························································10
1-5氣相傳輸平衡法(Vapor Transport Equilibration) ··························11
1-6拉曼光譜原理與應用·································································12
1-7研究動機與目的········································································13
第二章實驗設備與流程·······································································22
2-1實驗設備··················································································22
2-2實驗流程··················································································24
2-2-1配置粉末與設備調整··························································25
2-2-2晶體生長········································································26
2-2-3研磨拋光、極化與VTE處理············································27
2-2-4晶體檢測········································································29
第三章結果與討論···············································································40
3-1摻鎂鈮酸鋰晶體生長································································40
3-2 晶體極化處理···········································································42
3-3 VTE處理··················································································43
3-4 晶體各檢測結果···································································44
3-4-1 Mg:LiNbO3的UV/VIS吸收光譜·······································44
3-4-2 Mg:LiNbO3的紅外光吸收光譜·········································45
3-4-3 Mg:LiNbO3的濃度分佈····················································47
3-4-4 Mg:LiNbO3的光損傷抵抗················································48
3-4-5 Mg:LiNbO3的拉曼光譜···················································48
第四章結論··························································································70
參考文獻································································································71

參考文獻

1. W.H. Zachariasen, Skr. Norske Vid-Ada, Oslo, Mat. Naturv. No.4 (1928)
2. A.A Ballman, “Growth of piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials by the Czochralski technique,” J. American Ceram. Soc. 48 (1965) 112
3. P. Lerner, C. Legras and J.P. Duman, “Stoechiometric des monocristaux de metaniobate delithium,” J. Crystal Growth 3 (1968) 231
4. S.C. Abrahams, J.M. Reddy, J.L. Bernstein, “ Ferroelectric lithium iobate.3.Single crystal X-ray diffraction study at 24℃,” Journal of Physical hemistry Solids 27 (1966) 997
5. S.C. Abrahams, W.C. Hamilton, J.M. Reddy, “Ferroelectric lithium iobate.4.Single crystal neutron diffraction study at 24℃,” Journal of Physical hemistry Solids 27 (1966) 1013
6. S.C. Abrahams, H.J. Levinstein, J.M. Reddy, “Ferroelectric lithium iobate.5.Polycrystal X-ray diffraction study between 24℃ and 1200℃,” Journal of Physical Chemistry Solids (1966) 1019
7. S.C. Abrahams, P. Marsh, “Defect structure dependence on composition in ithium Niobate,” Acta Crystallographica B 42 (1986) 61
8. P.K. Gallagher , H.M. O’Bryan , ‘‘Characterization of LiNbO3 by dilatometry and DTA,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society 68 (1985) 147
9. Y. Furukawa, M. Sato, K. Kitamura, F. Nitanda, “Growth and Characterization of Off-Congruent LiNbO3 Single-Crystals Grown by the Double Crucible Method,” Journal of Crystal Growth 128 (1993) 909
10. G. Bhangavannarayana, G.C. Budakoti, K.K. Maurya, B. Kumar, “Enhancement of crystalline, piezoelectric and optical quality of LiNbO3 single crystals by post-growth annealing and poling,” Journal of Crystal Growth 282 (2005) 394
11. 李銘貨 , 楊春暉 , 徐黃恒 , “光折變晶體材料科學導論,” 2003
12. A. Reisman, F. Holtzberg, and E. Banks, “Reaction of the Group VB pentoxides with Alkali Oxides and Carbonates. VII. Heterogeneous Equilibria in the system Na2O or Na2CO3-Nb2O5,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (1958) 35.
13. P. Lerner, C. Legras, J.P. Duman, ”Stoichiometric desmonocristaux demetaniobate delithium,” Journal of Crystal Growth 3/4 (1968) 231
14. K.N. Srivstava, J.R. Gangarh, M.V. Rishi, B. Singh, “Effect of melt composition on groeth and droperties of LiNbO3 crystals,” Indian Journal of pure and Applied Physics 22 (1984) 154
15. J. G. Bergman, A. Ashkin, A.A. Ballman, J.M. Dziedzic, H.J. Levinstein, R.G. Smith, “Curie temperature,birefringence and phase-matching temperature variations in LiNbO3 as a function of melt stoichiometry,” Applied Physics Letters 22 (1968) 92
16. L.O. Svaasand, M. Eriksrud, G. Nakken, A.P. Grande, ‘‘Solid-solution range of LiNbO3,” Journal of Crystal Growth 22 (1974) 230
17. R.L. Byer, J.F. Young, F.S. Feigelson, ‘‘Growth of high-quality LiNbO3 crystals from the congruent melt,” Journal of Applied Physics41 (1970) 2320
18. L.O. Svaasand, M. Eriksrud, A.P. Grande and F. Mo, “Crystal growth and properties of LiNb3O8,” J. Crystal Growth 18 (1973) 179.
19. A. Reisman, F. Holtzberg, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1958) 6505
20. G. Zhong, J. Jin, Z. Wu, ‘‘Measurement of optically induced refractive index damage in lithium niobate,” In Proceedings of the 11th International Quantum Electronics (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), New York (1980) 931
21. T. Volk, M. Wohlecke, N. Rubinina, ‘‘Optical-damage-resistant impureities (Mg,Zn,In,Sc) in lithium niobate,” Ferroelectrics 183 (1996) 291
22. K. Kitamura, J.K. Yamamoto, N. Iyi, S. Kimura, T. Hayashi, ‘‘Stoichiometric LiNbO3 single crystal growth by double crucible Czochralski method using automatic powder supply system,” Journal of Crystal Growth 116 (1992) 327
23. G.I. Malovichko, V.G. Grachev, E.P. Kokanyan, O.F. Schirmer, K. Betzler, B. Gather, F. Jerman, S. Klauer, U. Schlarb, and M. Wöhlecke, “Characterization of Stoichiometric LiNbO3 Grown from Melts Containing K2O,” Applied Physica A56 (1993) 103
24. 孔勇發, 許京軍, 張光寅, 劉思敏, 陸崎, “多功能光電材料—鈮酸鋰晶體,” 科學出版社(2005)
25. H. Fay, W.J. Alford, H.M. Dess, “Dependence of second harmonic phase matching temperature in LiNbO3 crystals on composition,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 12 (1968) 69.
26. G.E. Peterson, A. Lernevale, “93Nb NMR Linewidths in Nonstoichiometric Lithium Niobate,” J. Chem. Phys.56 (1972) 4848.
27. S.C. Abrahams, P. Marsh, “Defect structure dependence on composition in lithium niobate,” Acta Cryst. B 42 (1986) 61.
28. N. Iyi, K. Kitamura, F. Izumi, “Comparative study of defect structures in lithium niobate with different compositions,” J. Solid State Chem 10 (1992) 340.
29. J. Czochralski, “Ein neues Verfahren zur Messung der Kristallisation geschwindigheit der Metalle,” Z. Phys. Chemie 92 (1918) 219
30. G.K. Teal, J.B. Little, “Growth of germanium single crystal,” Physical Review 78 (1950) 647
31. 閔乃本, “晶體生長的物理基礎,” 上海科學技術出版社, 1982
32. P. Sveshtarov, M. Gospodinov, ‘‘The effect of the interface shape on automatic Czochralski weight diameter control system performance,” Journal of Crystal Growth , Vol. 113 (1991) 186
33. G. Zhong, J. Jin, and Z. Wu, “Measurement of optically induced refractive index damage in lithium niobate,” In Proceedings of the 11th International Quantum Electronics(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York (1980) 631.
34. T. Volk, M. Wőhlecke and N. Rubinina, “Optical-damage-resistant impurities (Mg, Zn, In, Sc) in lithum niobate,” Ferroelectrics, 183 (1996) 291
35. I.W. Kim, B.C. Park, B.M. Jin, A.S. Bhalla, J.W. Kim, “Characteristics of MgO-doped LiNbO3 crystals,” Materials Letters, 24 (1995) 157
36. N. Iyi, K. Kiamura, Y. Yajima,. S. Kimura “Defect Structure Model of MgO-Doped LiNbO3” Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 118 (1995) 148
37. Y. Furukawa, K. Kitamure, S. Takekawa, “Stoichiometric Mg:LiNbO3 as an effective material for nonlinear optics,” Optics Letters, 23 (1998) 24
38. H. Wang, Y. Hang, L. Zhang, J. Xu, M. He, S. Zhu, Y. Zhu, S. Zhou, “Growth and characterization of Mg-doped near stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal,” Journal of Crystal Growth 262 (2004) 313
39. S. Chen, H. Liu, Y. Kong, Z. Huang, J. Xu, G. Zhang, “The resistance against optical damage of near-stoichiometric LiNbO3:Mg crystals prepared by vapor transport equilibration,” Optical Materials, 29(2007)885
40. R.L. Holman, P.J. Cressmann, J.F. Revelli, “Chemical control of optical damage in lithium niobate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 32 (1978) 280
41. Y.S. Luh, M.M. Fejer, R.L. Byer and R.S. Feigelson, “Stoichiometric LiNbO3 Single-crystal Fibers for Nonlinear Optical Applications”, Journal of Crystal Growth 85 (1987) 264
42. D.H. Jundt, M. M. Fejer, R.L. Byer, “Optical Properties of Lithium-rich Lithium Niobate Fabricated by Vapor Transport Equilibration,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron 26 (1990) 135
43. P.F. Bordui, R.G. Normood, D.H. Jundt and M.M. Fejer, “Preparation and characterization of off-congruent lithium niobate crystals”, J. Appl. Phys., 71 (1992) 875
44. Y. Chen, W. Zhang, Y. Shu, C. Lou, Y. Kong, Z. Huang, J. Xu and G. Zhang, “Determination of the Li/Nb ratio in LiNbO3 crystals prepared by vapor transport equilibration method, ” Opt. Mater., 23 (2003) 295
45. L. Xinan, X. Xu, T.C. Chong, S. Yuan, F. Yu and Y.S. Tay, “Lithium in-diffusion treatment of thick LiNbO3 crystals by the vapor transport equilibration method,” J. Crystal Growth 260(2004)143
46. Y. Repelin, E. Husson, F. Bennani, C. Proust, “Raman spectrostroscopy of lithium niobate and lithium tantalite. Force fied calculations,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 60 (1999) 819
47. K. Lengyel, L. Kovacs, A. Peter, K. Polgay, G. Corradi, “The effect of stoichiometry and Mg doping on the Raman spectra of LiNbO3:Mg crystals, ” Appl. Phys. 87 (2007) 317.
48. Copyrights © 2003-2005 Oxide Corporation , http://www.opt-oxide.com/english/product/hikaku_ln.html.
49. 陳智勇, “雷射柴氏生長鈮酸鋰塊晶之研究分析” 碩士論文，國立中央大學機械工程研究所, 2004.
50. 黃子銘, “利用氣相傳輸平衡產生近化計量配比之摻釕鈮酸鋰特性之研究,” 碩士論文, 國立中央大學機械工程研究所, 2007
51. 江昌鴻, “摻釕鈮酸鋰單晶生長及其特性之研究,” 博士論文, 國立中央大學機械工程研究所, 2007
52. 胡明理, “Zn:LiNbO3,之晶體生長與其特性研究” 博士論文, 國立中央大學機械工程研究所, 2004
53. T. Zhang, B. Wang, S.Q. Fang, D.C. Ma, Y.Q. Zhao, Y.H. Xu, “Optical damage resistance of In:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals related to the defect structure”, Material Letter 58 (2004) 3074
54. V. Bermúdez, P.S. Dutta, M.D. Serrano, E. Diéguez, “In situ poling of LiNbO3 bulk crystal below the Curie temperature by application of electric field after growth,” Journal of Crystal Growth 69 (1996) 409
55. 劉偉隆, 林淳杰, 曾春風 ,陳文照, “物理冶金(第三版)(修訂版)” 全華科技圖書
56. Y. Furukawa, K. Kitamura, S. Takrkawa, K. Niwa, Y. Yajima, N. Iyi, I. Mnushkina, P. Guggenheim, J.M. Martin, ‘‘The correlation of MgO-doped near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 composition to the defect structure,” Journal of Crystal Growth 211 (2000) 230
57. H. Qiao , J. Xu, Y. Tomita, D. Zhu, B. Fu, G. Zhang , G. Zhang , “UV-light-induced one-color and two-color photorefractive effects in congruent and near-stoichiometric LiNbO3:Mg crystals,” Optical Materials 29 (2007) 889.
58. L. Kovács, G. Ruschhaupt, K. Polgár, G. Corradi, M. Wöhlecke, “Composition dependence of the ultraviolet absorption edge in lithium niobate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70 (1997) 2801.
59. C.Y. Chen, J.C. Chen, C.T. Chia, “Growth and Optical Properties of Different Compositions of LiNbO3 Single Crystal Fibers,” Optical. Material 30 (2007) 393
60. Y. Kong, W. Zhang, X. Chen, J. Xu, G. Zhang, “OH- absorption spectra of pure lithium niobate crystals,” J. Phys. : Condens. Matter., 11(1999)2139.

指導教授

陳志臣(Jyh-Chen Chen)

審核日期

2008-7-23

推文