| 摘要(英) |
The aim of this study is to get the hydrogen production by batch solid state anaerobic fermentation from organic wastes, using cow manure as bacteria source, sewage sludge as nutrient supplier, simulated food residues as substrate, etc. The organic waste contains lower moisture, which not only can promote the organic loading but also reduce the waste organic acid liquidity, such as ethanoic, propionic, and butyric, etc. This study focuses on hydrogen production effective factors setting as constant temperature, allocated proportion, and substrate pretreatment. The results may infer to the adaptive operation for hydrogen fermentation processing.
In constant temperature experiment, the temperature variables for bacteria screening were setting between 50℃ and 80℃, separated by 5℃increments. From this series, seven thermophilic genera of bacteria were generated and each patch was subjected to 80 hours of thermophilic anaerobic fermentation at its respective constant temperature. The results show that 60℃ series had a noticeable specific hydrogen yield and specific hydrogen conversion rate 39 mL-H2/g-VS and 4.00 g-H2/g-H of VS%, respectively. Furthermore, the batch exponential hydrogen production stage can induce the continued stirrer thermal reactor (CSTR), which has optimal setting temperature in 65℃. In allocated proportion experiment, the slurry mixture was prepared by mixing proportion of cow manure and sewage sludge. The results show that the cow manure 500g, sewage sludge 1000g, and simulated food residues 500g have optimal hydrogen accumulate volume 9049 ml. In pretreatment experiment, the substrates indulge in acid, alkali, heat, and agitation process, respectively. The results show that alkali, heat, and agitation processing can upgrade hydrogen production efficiency except acid treatment. Herein, the alkali treatment can reduce react time from 50 hours to 25 hours; by the way, simulating hydrogen production rate can promote 359ml/hr to 1600ml/hr in CSTR.
|
| 參考文獻 |
英文文獻
Akutsu, Y., Y.-Y. Li, et al. (2008). "Effects of seed sludge on fermentative characteristics and microbial community structures in thermophilic hydrogen fermentation of starch." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33(22): 6541-6548.
Antonopoulou, G., H. N. Gavala, et al. (2008). "Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: Fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass." Bioresource Technology 99(1): 110-119.
Callaghan, F. J., D. A. J. Wase, et al. (1999). "Co-digestion of waste organic solids: batch studies." Bioresource Technology 67(2): 117-122.
Chen, X., Y. Sun, et al. (2006). "Stoichiometric analysis of biological hydrogen production by fermentative bacteria." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 31(4): 539-549.
Chin, H. L., Z. S. Chen, et al. (2003). "Fedbatch operation using Clostridium acetobutylicum suspension culture as biocatalyst for enhancing hydrogen production." Biotechnol Prog 19: 383–388.
Fang, H. H. P. and H. Liu (2002). "Effect of pH on hydrogen production from glucose by a mixed culture." Bioresource Technology 82(1): 87-93.
Ferchichi, M., E. Crabbe, et al. (2005). "Influence of culture paramenters on biological hydrogen production by Clostridium ".
Gavala, H. N., I. V. Skiadas, et al. (2006). "Biological hydrogen production in suspended and attached growth anaerobic reactor systems." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 31(9): 1164-1175.
Lewis, S. M., L. Montgomery, et al. (1988). "Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment on in vitro degradation of cellulosic substrates by mixed ruminal microorganism and Bacteroides succinogenes S85." Environ. Microbiol., 54: 1163-1169.
Lin, C.-Y. and R.-C. Chang (2004). "Fermentative hydrogen production at ambient temperature." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 29(7): 715-720.
Lin, C.-Y., C.-C. Wu, et al. (2008). "Temperature effects on fermentative hydrogen production from xylose using mixed anaerobic cultures." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33(1): 43-50.
Luo, G., L. Xie, et al. (2010). "Evaluation of pretreatment methods on mixed inoculum for both batch and continuous thermophilic biohydrogen production from cassava stillage." Bioresource Technology 101(3): 959-964.
Mizuno, O., R. Dinsdale, et al. (2000). "Enhancement of hydrogen production from glucose by nitrogen gas sparging." Bioresource Technology 73(1): 59-65.
Ohta, Y., J. Frank, et al. (1981). "Hydrogen production by marine photosynthetic bacteria-effect of environment factors and substrate specificity on growth of a hydrogen-producing marine photosynthetic bacterium, Chromatium sp." Miami PBS 1071. J. Hydrogen Energ. 6(5): 451~460.
Prakasham, R. S., P. Brahmaiah, et al. (2009). "Fermentative biohydrogen production by mixed anaerobic consortia: Impact of glucose to xylose ratio." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 34(23): 9354-9361.
Reynolds, T. D. and P. A. Richards (1995). "Unit Operations and processes in Enivronmental Engineering., second edition.".
Rheinheimer, G. (1992). "The influence of environmental factors on the development of microorganism." Aquatic Microbiology: 111-147.
Sasikala, K., C. V. Ramana, et al. (1991). "Environmental regulation for optimal biomass yield and photoproduction of hydrogen by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001." J. Hydrogen Energ. 16(9): 597~601.
Shin, H.-S., J.-H. Youn, et al. (2004). "Hydrogen production from food waste in anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenesis." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 29(13): 1355-1363.
Stevens, P., C. Vertoghen, et al. (1984). "The effect of temperature and light intensity on hydrogen gas production by different Rhodopseudomonas capsulate strains. ." Biotechnol. Lett. 6(5): 277~282.
Taguchi, F., N. Mizukami, et al. (1995). "Hydrogen production from continuous fermentation of xylose during growth of Clostridium sp.": 536–540.
Zhang, T., H. Liu, et al. (2003). "Biohydrogen production from starch inwastewater under thermophilic condition." J Environ Management 69: 149-156.
中文文獻
行政院衛生署環境保護局 (1984). "垃圾採樣分析手冊."
李立德, 莊韻蓉, et al. (2006). "廚餘生質能源化操作参數及效益評估." 中華民國環境工程學會2006廢棄物處理技術研討會.
李篤中 (2003). "下水道污泥處置與利用." 下水道道工程實務研討會論文集.
卓聖育 (2007). "廢棄活性污泥與廚餘厭氧共消化減量及能源回收之研究." 長榮大學職業安全與衛生研究所，碩士論文.
邱昭蓉 "http://etds.ncl.edu.tw/theabs/site/sh/detail_result.jsp?id=081NTU00058042."
楊易霖 (2003). "有機廢棄物之厭氧消化-前處理及溫度之影響." 屏東科技大學環境工程與科學系，碩士論文.
楊紹榮 (2002). "農業廢棄物處理與再利用." http://www.tndais.gov.tw/Soil/b1.htm.
蘇銘千 (2008). "永續農業與再生能源發展議題背景說明." http://www.fpppc.gov.tw/index/news/20081006-1.htm.
|
[Endnote RIS 格式]
[相關文章]
[文章引用]
[完整記錄]
[館藏目錄]
[檢視]
plurk
funp
live
udn
HD
myshare
netvibes
friend
youpush
delicious
baidu
Google bookmarks
del.icio.us
hemidemi
facebook
twitter
google
reddit