博碩士論文 954201014 詳細資訊




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姓名 劉晊華(Chih-hua Liu)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 企業管理學系
論文名稱 涉入程度、球隊認同對球迷對於職業球隊周邊產品之知覺價值與購買意圖之影響----以台灣地區之NBA球迷為例
(The influence of invlvement and team identification to fans' perceived value and purchase intention of professional sport teams' licensed merchandise:A field study of NBA fans in Taiwan.)
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摘要(中) 隨著生活品質提高,周休二日制的實施,人們對休閒活動的需求增加,運動休閒產業的發展也隨之崛起。廿世紀運動產業年營收額高達五千億美元的經濟影響力,已令華爾街刮目相看。同時,在西元2000年,運動產業已成為美國第六大型產業。而在運動產業的發展中,職業運動更扮演如火車頭的角色,帶領整個運動產業的發展。
職業運動是以營利為目的,舉辦運動競賽吸引社會大眾產生商業交易之行為,以門票收入、轉播權利金、周邊產品的銷售為其主要的營收來源。其中最著名的莫過於北美地區的四大職業運動:NBA、MLB、NHL、NFL。
而對職業運動來說,其最主要的消費者莫過於該運動的愛好者以及球迷。過去在運動消費的相關研究中,已有不少學者針對消費者(球迷)的觀點,探討球迷對職業球隊的態度,如球隊認同感,對於球迷的行為,如觀看比賽時的情緒、是否到現場觀看球賽、是否購買周邊產品等的影響。
本研究延續先前學者的腳步,依據Fisher及Wakefield(1998)的研究中對影響球迷球隊認同感之因素的探討,與球隊認同對球迷支持球隊之行為表現的影響,以及Kwon,Trail及James(2007)的研究中,對球隊認同感、球迷對印有球隊logo服飾的知覺價值與購買意圖的探討,做進一步的延伸,以球隊認同感與球迷對職業球隊周邊產品之知覺價值作為本研究的核心,探討影響球迷購買職業球隊周邊產品之因素。
本研究以實證方式進行,研究對象為台灣地區之職業運動球迷。選擇的職業運動為在台灣轉播歷史最悠久、知名度最高之美國NBA職業籃球聯賽。以消費者(球迷)的角度來探討影響職業運動球隊周邊產品購買之因素,期望為職業運動的經營者及行銷人員,提供一個參考之依據。
摘要(英) The globalization of professional sport brings huge amounts of business and economical influences. The professional sport here means “engaging in making profit for purpose, holding sport games attracting people to create commercial exchange that includes sales of game tickets, game broadcast license fees, and sales of team-licensed merchandise.” Take NBA(National Basketball Association) for example, there were 212 countries, and over 139 TV companies broadcasting NBA games in 2003-2004 season. And sales of NBA team-licensed merchandise are more than $5 billions per year.
Sales of team-licensed merchandise are one of the main incomes of professional sport. In 1997 sales of licensed sport merchandise reached $11.3 billions, and in 2003 the sales improved at the professional and college levels, reaching $12.7 billions(Kwon, Trail & James, 2007). In addition, sales of team-licensed merchandise take place not only in domestic area during the race season, but also wherever broadcasting the games at any time. However, there are not many studies aiming at factors influencing sales of professional sport team-licensed merchandise in the light of consumer opinions.
The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing consumers to buy professional sport team-licensed merchandise. By using the theoretical framework proposed by Fisher & Wakefield(1998) and Kwon, Trail & James(2007), this paper investigates factors influencing the sport fans’ team identification and perceived value to professional sport team-licensed merchandise, as well as the relationship between fans’ team identification, perceived value to professional sport team-licensed merchandise and the purchasing intention to sport team-licensed merchandise.
Empirical study is applied to investigate NBA fans in Taiwan through a web questionnaire as well. In the light of consumer opinions, this research discusses factors influencing fans’ perception to the professional teams and their licensed merchandise, and hopes to provide suggestions to the owners running professional sport as well as the marketers of professional sport.
關鍵字(中) ★ 購買意圖
★ 知覺價值
★ NBA
★ 職業球隊周邊產品
★ 球隊認同
★ 涉入程度
關鍵字(英) ★ purchase intention
★ involvement
★ team identification
★ professional sport teams' merchandise
★ NBA
★ perceived value
論文目次 目錄
目錄----------------------------------------------------------------I
圖目錄-------------------------------------------------------------III
表目錄-------------------------------------------------------------IV
第一章 緒論---------------------------------------------------------1
第一節 研究背景與動機---------------------------------------------1
第二節 研究範圍與對象---------------------------------------------3
第三節 研究目的---------------------------------------------------4
第四節 研究流程與論文架構-----------------------------------------4
第二章 文獻探討-----------------------------------------------------7
第一節 球隊認同---------------------------------------------------7
第二節 影響球隊認同之因素----------------------------------------11
第三節 知覺價值與運動消費----------------------------------------16
第四節 影響運動消費者知覺價值之因素------------------------------20
第五節 購買意圖--------------------------------------------------24
第三章 研究方法----------------------------------------------------26
第一節 研究架構--------------------------------------------------26
第二節 研究假設--------------------------------------------------27
第三節 研究變數之操作型定義與衡量方式----------------------------30
第四節 問卷設計與抽樣方法----------------------------------------35
第五節 統計分析方法----------------------------------------------36
第四章 研究結果----------------------------------------------------39
第一節 敘述性統計分析--------------------------------------------39
第二節 研究變數之信度與效度分析----------------------------------46
第三節 研究變數之因果模式分析------------------------------------52
第四節 變異數分析------------------------------------------------61
第五節 模式因果關係於不同球迷間的比較----------------------------66
第五章 結論與建議--------------------------------------------------69
第一節 研究結論--------------------------------------------------69
第二節 管理意涵--------------------------------------------------72
第三節 研究限制--------------------------------------------------75
第四節 未來研究之建議--------------------------------------------75
參考文獻-----------------------------------------------------------77
附錄一、研究問卷----------------------------------------------------83
附錄二、相關係數矩陣------------------------------------------------87
圖目錄
圖1-1研究流程圖----------------------------------------------------5
圖3-1研究架構圖---------------------------------------------------27
圖4-1研究路徑圖---------------------------------------------------54
圖4-2整體模式關係路徑圖-------------------------------------------58
圖4-3研究假設路徑圖-----------------------------------------------59
表目錄
表2-1過去學者對知覺價值的定義-------------------------------------18
表3-1研究假設-----------------------------------------------------30
表3-2球員魅力構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------31
表3-3球隊聲望構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------31
表3-4涉入程度構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------32
表3-5球隊認同構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------33
表3-6知覺價值構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------34
表3-7購買意圖構面衡量題項與參考量表-------------------------------34
表3-8受試者基本資料問項與選項-------------------------------------35
表4-1樣本性別次數分配表-------------------------------------------39
表4-2樣本年齡次數分配表-------------------------------------------40
表4-3樣本教育程度次數分配表---------------------------------------40
表4-4樣本職業次數分配表-------------------------------------------41
表4-5樣本收入次數分配表-------------------------------------------41
表4-6樣本持續觀賞NBA期間次數分配表-------------------------------42
表4-7樣本支持球隊次數分配表---------------------------------------43
表4-8球員魅力之敘述統計分析---------------------------------------44
表4-9球隊聲望之敘述統計分析---------------------------------------44
表4-10涉入程度之敘述統計分析--------------------------------------44
表4-11球隊認同之敘述統計分析--------------------------------------45
表4-12知覺價值之敘述統計分析--------------------------------------45
表4-13購買意圖之敘述統計分析--------------------------------------45
表4-14信度分析表--------------------------------------------------46
表4-15收斂效度分析表----------------------------------------------48
表4-16區別效度分析表----------------------------------------------49
表4-17信度分析表(刪題後)------------------------------------------50
表4-18收斂效度分析表(刪題後)--------------------------------------50
表4-19區別效度分析表(刪題後)--------------------------------------51
表4-20知覺價值與購買意圖卡方差檢定之區別效度分析表----------------51
表4-21潛在變數之符號意義------------------------------------------52
表4-22顯性變數之符號意義------------------------------------------52
表4-23整體模式適合度評估結果--------------------------------------55
表4-24外生測量模式之路徑估計值------------------------------------56
表4-25內生測量模式之路徑估計值------------------------------------56
表4-26結構模式之路徑估計值----------------------------------------57
表4-27研究假設檢定結果--------------------------------------------61
表4-28以支持球隊是否在季後賽名單內將樣本分組之次數分配表----------62
表4-29以支持之球隊是否在季後賽名單內為因子之MANOVA分析------------62
表4-30以支持之球隊是否在季後賽名單內為因子之各題項變異數分析------63
表4-31樣本持續觀賞期間五年以下及五年以上之次數分配表--------------64
表4-32以持續觀賞期間為因子之MANOVA分析----------------------------65
表4-33以持續觀賞期間為因子之變異數分析----------------------------65
表4-34以支持球隊戰績為分組之兩模式卡方值表------------------------67
表4-35以支持球隊戰績為分組之兩組球迷路徑係數之比較----------------67
表4-36以持續觀賞期間為分組之兩模式卡方值表------------------------68
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7、林建煌(2007),消費者行為第二版,華泰文化。
8、易善佑(1995),台北地區居民觀賞職業籃球比賽市場之區隔化研究。東吳大
學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
9、邱繡霞(2002),媒體運動的全球策略----以NBA在台灣發展為例。淡江大學
大眾傳播學系碩士論文。
10、周靈山(2002),大學生觀賞運動競賽節目之動機與行為。大專體育第59
期。
11、周靈山(2004),不同性別體育院校學生觀賞電視轉播之相關研究。吳鳳學
報第13期。
12、國民體育季刊135、142、145期。行政院體育委員會。
13、陳順宇(2005),多變量分析第四版,華泰書局。
14、許伸梓(2004),球迷對球隊屬性之認定與認同感及忠誠度之關連性分析----
以中華職棒大聯盟為例 。國立東華大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
15、張肇鐘(2005),明星球員與球團特性對球隊態度、滿意度及忠誠度之影響
----以中華職棒La New熊隊為例。國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文。
16、黃中皓(2006),職業棒球隊品牌權益衡量構面之建構。國立台灣體育學院
運動管理學系碩士論文。
17、程紹同(1999),Show Me The Money!美國運動產業介紹。廣告雜誌第97
期。
18、程紹同(1999),運動風雲2000。廣告雜誌第103期。
19、劉雅慧(2005),職棒球迷的球隊認同感對贊助企業品牌權益影響之研究----
以La New熊隊為例。朝陽科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
20、鄭志富(2002),二十一世紀台灣運動產業之發展與挑戰。第二屆運動與休
閒國際研討會專題演講。
21、鄭坤來(2003),品牌聯想對品牌識別與品牌關係之影響----以中華職業棒
球大聯盟為例。逢甲大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
22、戴翌茹(2004),職業運動球隊品牌聯想因素之探究----以中華職棒大聯盟統一獅與兄弟象為例。國立臺灣師範大學運動休閒與管理研究所碩士論文。
23、謝學儀(2003),中華職棒運動贊助效益之研究。銘傳大學管理科學研究所
碩士論文。
網路部份
1、 NBA官方網站:http://www.nba.com
2、 Sporting Goods Intelligence:http://www.sginews.com/sginews/index.html
3、 行政院體育委員會網站:http://www.ncpfs.gov.tw/
4、 運動產業觀測站:http://bloguide.ettoday.com/yaiwang/
5、 圓球城市:http://www.roundballcity.com/
指導教授 張東生(Dong-shang Chang) 審核日期 2008-6-19
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