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姓名 楊德文(Te-wen Yang) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 土木工程學系 論文名稱 Landsat-7 影像兩階段式空隙像元填補方法之研究
(A TWO-STAGE GAP-FILLING METHOD FOR LANDSAT 7 IMAGES)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) Landsat-7 ETM+ 是Landsat 系列中最新的一顆衛星，它擁有30公尺的空間解析力及185公里的影像寬度，由於它的FOV為14.7°，因此相當適合用來監測大範圍的地表資訊，但由於掃描校正器故障(SLC, Scan Line Corrector)的原因，造成了所得到的影像會有空隙像元(Gap Pixels)，這些空隙像元的部份佔整張影像22%，間隔性分佈於整張影像，使Landsat-7 ETM+ SLC-off影像不易運用，因此，發展一填補空隙像元的方法，使Landsat-7 ETM+ SLC-off影像仍可以使用為重要課題。
在此次研究中，我們提出了兩階段式填補空隙像元的方法。在第一階段中，利用建立工作影像及參考影像的轉換函式來填補空隙像元，由於兩張影像可能因時間的不同，造成會有變異的產生，因此我們將有變異的像元加以移除，再利用第二階段進行填補，第二階段是以內插法來填補空隙像元，內插法是利用周圍非空隙的像元進行填補，使用內插法填補空隙像元可完整填補剩餘的空隙像元。無論在模擬案例或實際案例中，實驗成果都顯示填補影像具有影像的完整性與高影像品質。
摘要(英) Landsat-7 ETM Plus, one of latest satellite in Landsat series, is capable of acquiring images with spatial resolution in 30 meters and swath in 185 kilometers. The specifications make it possible to monitor the earth surface for a relatively large scale area. This performance is attributed to its whisk-broom sensor with 14.7 degrees FOV. However, the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) used to compensate the forward motion of whisk-broom sensor has malfunctioned on May 31, 2003. As a result, the images acquired from Landsat-7 have data gaps that occupy about 22% of the entire scene. Because of distribution of gapped pixels, Landsat-7 ETM Plus SLC-off images are difficult to use. Consequently, the methods used to fill the gaps on Landsat 7 images become an important issue in the study of image processing.
In this study, a two-stage approach for filling the gapped pixels of Landsat-7 image is proposed. In the first stage, filling by mapping method is employed. The first stage is to fill the gapped pixels with other reference images through a mapping process. The method particularly makes an effort to erase changed pixels between the working and reference images. These changed pixels are filled by second stage. In the second stage, filling by interpolating method is used to fill the gapped areas that fail to fill in the first stage. The second stage is to fill the gapped pixels by interpolating the non-gapped pixels that neighbor to them. No matter simulated case or real case, experimental results indicate that gap-filled images are complete and accurate.
關鍵字(中) ★ 空隙填補
★ Landsat 7 ETM+
★ SLC-off關鍵字(英) ★ Gap-filling
★ SLC-off
★ Landsat 7 ETM+論文目次 摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 背景介紹 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 3
1-3 論文架構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2-1 轉換函式填補法 (Mapping Method) 7
2-2 內插式填補法 (Interpolation Method) 9
第三章 研究方法 12
3-1 研究流程 12
3-2 空隙像元偵測 (Gap Pixels Detection) 13
3-2-1空隙像元偵測Ⅰ 13
3-2-2空隙像元偵測Ⅱ 14
3-3 相關係數評估 15
3-4 第一階段填補 19
3-5 第二階段填補 21
3-5-1 多尺度內插法 (Multi-scale Interpolation Method) 21
3-5-2 改良式多尺度內插法 (Improving Multi-scale Interpolation Method) 22
3-6 評估方法 24
3-6-1 指標評估方法 25
3-6-2 分類方法 28
第四章 測試成果及討論 29
4-1 模擬案例 29
4-1-1 轉換函式填補法與內插式填補法之比較 30
4-1-2 相關係數選取 35
4-1-3 填補影像品質分析 42
4-1-4 改良式多尺度內插法成果比較 47
4-1-5 SPOT-4作為參考影像之填補成果 52
4-1-6 小結 59
4-2 實際案例 60
第五章 結論與建議 78
5-1 結論 78
5-2 建議 80
參考文獻 82
參考文獻 陳俊德，2008，以空間分析模式劃設海洋、海岸保護區之研究－以高美濕地為例，國立中山大學海洋環境及工程學系研究所碩士論文
國立中央大學太空及遙測研究中心，http://www.csrsr.ncu.edu.tw/chin.ver/
Boloorani, A. D., Erasmi, S., and Kappas, M., 2008. Multi-Source Remotely Sensed Data Combination: Projection Transformation Gap-Fill Procedure, Sensors, Vol. 8, pp. 4429-4440.
Lam, N. S., Spatial Interpolation Methods : A Review, The American Cartographer, Vol. 10, No. 2, P 129-149, 1983.
Maxwell, S., 2004a, Assessment of Landsat 7 ETM+ SLC-off Data for an Agricultural Crop Type Mapping Application. USGS EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, SD. Available online at: http://landsat.usgs.gov/data_products/slc_off_data_products/documents/crop_mapping_slcoff_maxwell.pdf (accessed January 18, 2007).
Maxwell, S., 2004b, Filling landsat ETM+ SLC-off gaps using a segmentation model approach. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 70, October 2004, pp. 1109–1111.
Maxwell, S. K., Schmidt G. L., Storey J. C., 2007. A multi-scale segmentation approach to filling gaps in Landsat ETM+ SLC-off Images, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 28, NO. 23, pp. 5339-5256.
Scaramuzza, P., Micijevic, E. and Chander, G., 2004, SLC gap-filled products: Phase one methodology. Available online at: http://landsat.usgs.gov/data_products/slc_off_data_products/documents/SLC_Gap_Fill_Methodology.pdf (accessed 12 April 2006).
Storey, J., Scaramuzza, P., and Schmidt, G., 2005. Landsat 7 scan line corrector-off gap-filled product development, In Pecora 16 Conference Proceedings, 23-27 October, Sioux Falls, South Dakota. (on CDROM).
USGS, 2004a, SLC-off Products: Background, http://landsat.usgs.gov/index
USGS 2004b, Phase 2 gap-fill algorithm: SLC-off gap-filled products gap-fill algorithm methodology. Available online at: http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA4861.pdf (accessed 12 April 2006).
USGS, NASA and LANDSAT 7 SCIENCE TEAM 2003, Preliminary assessment of the value of Landsat 7 ETM+ data following Scan Line Corrector malfunction. Available online at: http://landsat.usgs.gov/data_products/slc_off_data_products/documents/SLC_off_Scientific_Usability.pdf (accessed 12 April 2006).
Wang, Z. and Bovik, A. C., 2002. A Universal Image Quality Index, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Vol 9, pp. 81-84.
Wang, Z., Bovik, A. C., Sheikh, H. R., and Simoncelli, E. P., 2004. Image Quality Assessment: From Error Visibility to Structural Similarity, IEEE Transactions On Image Processing, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 600-612.
Zhang, C., Li, W., and Travis, D., 2007. Gaps-fill of SLC-off Landsat ETM+ satellite image using a geostatistical approach, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 28, NO. 22, pp. 5103-5122.
指導教授 陳繼藩(Chi-farn Chen) 審核日期 2010-7-21 推文 plurk
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