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姓名 陳建佑(Jian-You Chen) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 營建管理研究所 論文名稱 建築資訊模型(BIM)於工程數量計算差異之研究 -以建築工程鋼筋作業項目為例
(The research for the different of the quantity in Building Information Modeling – A case study of task of structural rebar in Building Construction )相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式] [Bibtex 格式] [相關文章] [文章引用] [完整記錄] [館藏目錄] [檢視] [下載]
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摘要(中) 營建工程牽涉到許多複雜的分工組織、人員、機具、材料等,而工程圖說即是連結此複雜關係的媒介,目前營建業仍以2D圖說為主要依據,雖業界已開始導入3D繪圖模擬技術,但由於進行3D資訊修改時無法同步更改2D圖件,造成2D與3D圖說需耗費相當的人力進行圖面檢查及設計,而建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling),其以3D為基礎建立模型,其具有物件導向及參數式特性,故具有減少數量計算錯誤與漏項問題產生之優勢,但由於BIM相關之數量計算軟體於國內尚未相當本土化,許多方面仍待檢示,本研究將針對目前營建工程常用之2D圖說及建築資訊模型在數量計算後,所產生數量上差異成因進行探討,嘗試提出具體之數量計算程序及模型建置檢核流程,以提高工程數量計算的精確度。
本研究旨在探討鋼筋工程數量計算造成誤差之鋼筋項目,並以此建構計算與檢核流程,供估算人員與BIM設計者進行數量計算及模型設計時,為精確計算與設計,以使降低鋼筋數量與實際施工使用量誤差,本研究歸納以2D工程圖說進行鋼筋工程數量計算,因由於數量計算主要來源為依據結構配筋圖與鋼筋標準圖,以鋼筋工程作業而言,圖說尚無標記施工現場所需之必要工作筋,以及應設置之搭接位置與長度、開口補強與角隅補強等項目,其均需以經驗或規範之規定進行計算,致使數量計算時,易因此而造成漏項或短缺之問題,本研究建構一數量計算流程,供估算人員於數量計算時,依此流程將其所有施工性鋼筋進行計算,以使數量更為精確,而BIM進行數量計算依據模型元件,透過物件導向及參數式特性,將元件長度、型式等資料統計,本研究建構一檢核流程,對於BIM模型設計進行檢核,並以實際進行檢核,其重新配置鋼筋數量需增加5.3t,其數量修正量為9%,本研究藉由此檢核流程提供予軟體開發公司對於BIM數量計算增設檢核系統及智慧化配置建議,以使業界廣為接受BIM建置與使用。
摘要(英) Construction involves complex integration of people, materials, machine, and managerial procedures. These elements of construction are manifested by design drawings and related plans. Although construction tasks are to be undertaken in a 3-dimentional paradigm, construction professionals nonetheless must present their ideas in a traditional2-dimension manner. Traditionally, this has been due to technological constraints and limitations. The advancement of computing power and relevant software technologies however have pushed forward and through the impossible in the past. Particularly, the concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM), as a complete platform to integrate virtually all construction related information, has introduced a true 3-D revolution.
Under the BIM paradigm, construction design and planning takes place in a 3-D environment. Such a 3-D model allows all construction professional perform their tasks under a 3-D approach. This study will take advantage the BIM potential, and specifically investigate the possibility to perform the checking of quantity of work under the BIM environment. The aim of this work is to reduce the effort required to validate/verify the quantity of work introduced by design professionals, so that subsequent contractors will have much less hassles and difficulties to execute their bidding. This also eliminates potential contract disputes concerning discrepancy between the actual quantities of work and those presented in the bidding documents.
As a demonstrative purpose, this study examines how the quantity of structural rebar is determined by traditional method of cost estimate, which as discussed is performed in a 2-D environment. As found in this study, numerous details regarding structural rebar are not included in routine 2-D design practice. This makes the estimate of the quantity of structural rebar a mere guess work, if precision is taken into account. This study contemplates the general design practice of structural rebar, as well as all relevant technical specifications, and introduces the details into a BIM model.
It is concluded that a BIM model mitigates the allowance of the quantity of structural rebar. In an actual case, as presented in this study, a total of 5.3 tons of rebar were found unspecified in the original design, this amounts to a 9% allowance. Therefore, this study is able to summarize a hopeful proclaim that BIM platform can show benefit to contractor, in that they can rely on a BIM model to reduce the need to conduct quantity of work checking.
關鍵字(中) ★ 數量計算
★ 建築資訊模型
★ 工程圖說關鍵字(英) ★ design drawings
★ quantity of wok.
★ BIM論文目次 摘要............................................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................II
誌謝............................................................................................................................. IV
目錄............................................................................................................................. VI
圖目錄......................................................................................................................VIII
表目錄......................................................................................................................... IX
第一章 緒論................................................................................................................1
1-1 研究背景與動機............................................................................................1
1-2 研究內容與目的............................................................................................2
1-3 研究方法與流程............................................................................................3
1-4 研究範圍........................................................................................................3
第二章 文獻回顧........................................................................................................5
2-1 繪圖工具發展歷程........................................................................................5
2-2 建築資訊模型概念與發展............................................................................6
2-3 數量計算軟體..............................................................................................18
2-4 文獻小結......................................................................................................21
第三章 工程圖說數量計算差異成因分析.............................................................23
3-1 數量計算依據..............................................................................................23
3-2 計量準則之差異..........................................................................................25
3-3 數量計算差異項目......................................................................................29
3-4 數量計算流程..............................................................................................33
第四章 BIM案例檢核.............................................................................................37
4-1 模型案例......................................................................................................37
4-2 BIM鋼筋檢核流程.....................................................................................37
4-3 實例檢核......................................................................................................42
4-4 檢核流程正確性之討論..............................................................................46
第五章 結論與建議.................................................................................................48
5-1 結論..............................................................................................................48
5-2 建議..............................................................................................................48
參考文獻......................................................................................................................50
VII
中文文獻..................................................................................................................50
英文文獻..................................................................................................................50
網頁..........................................................................................................................51
附錄..............................................................................................................................52
(一)鋼筋計量準則(范光懿,2001) ........................................................................52
(二)鋼筋工程施工規範(公共工程委員會) ............................................................62
參考文獻 中文文獻
1. 康仕仲、蔡孟涵,建築資訊模型之技術發展過程,營建資訊316期,2009。
2. 唐清浿,建築資訊模型(BIM)於整合營建資訊技術之應用,國立宜蘭大學建築與永續規劃研究所,碩士論文,2008。
3. 黃南錃、李萬利、盧祥偉、蘇瑞育,建築資訊模型技術在國內工程實務應用,土木水利,第三十六卷第一期,2009。
4. 鄧挺發,建築專案設計圖整合系統之初步研究,國立台灣大學土木工程學系,碩士論文,2008。
5. 陳怡兆,專案資訊整合模型之建構與專案管理資訊系統之應用,國立成功大學土木工程研究所,博士論文,2009。
6. 李宜謙、林祐正,建築資訊模型(BIM)應用於物業設備維護管理之初探,九十八年電子計算機於土木水利工程應用研討會,2009。
7. 趙紅紅、李建成,信息化建築設計-Autodesk Revit,建設工程信息化-BLM理論與實件叢書,中國建築工業出版社,2005。
8. 楊秉蒼,建築鋼筋施工圖應用實務,詹氏書局,2009。
9. 李健雄,建築估價-工程數量計算編,詹氏書局,2006。
10. 范光懿,建築鋼筋工程數量計算,亞洲住網,2001。
11. 康仕仲、廖源輔、吳翌禎、郭政翰、謝尚賢,4D 營建管理系統導入與初步成效分析,九十六年 電子計算機於土木水利工程應用研討會,2007。
12. 林振揚,營建數量計算自動化系統,國立雲林科技大學營建工程系,碩士論文,2007。
英文文獻
1. Dawood, N., Scott, D., Sriprasert, E. and Mallasi, Z.(2005) “The virtual construction site (VIRCON) tools: An industrial evaluation”, ITcon Vol. 10:43-54.
2. Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R. and Liston, K., (2008) “BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors.” John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey.
3. Finkelstein, E.(2007) “AutoCAD 2008 and AutoCAD Lt 2008 Bible”, John Wiley & Sons Inc, USA.
4. Ganah, A. A., Bouchlaghem, N. B. and Anumba, C. J.(2005) “VISCON: Computer visualisation support for constructability”, ITcon Vol. 10:69-83.
5. Tulke, Jan and Jochen Hanff,(2007)“4D construction sequence planning-new process and data model.”
6. Kay, D. C. and Muder, D.(1996)”VRML & 3d on the Web for Dummies”, For
51
Dummies, USA.
7. Kymmell,W., (2008),” Building Information Modeling: Planning and Managing Construction Projects with 4D CAD and Simulations”,McGraw-Hill.
8. Lake, R., Trninic, M. and Rae, L.(2004) “Geography Mark-Up Language (GML)”, John Wiley & Sons Inc, UK.
9. Polyakov, A. and Brusentsev, V.(2005) “Graphics Programming with GDI+ & DirectX, A-List Publishing”, USA.
10. Probert, D., Wedding, J., Scacco, M. and Hickey, J.(2007) “Mastering AutoCAD Civil 3D 2008,” John Wiley and Sons, USA.
11. Sutherland, I. E.(2003) ”Sketchpad: A Man-Machine Graphical Communication System”, Technical Report No. 574, University of Cambridge, UCAM-CL-TR-574.
12. Shreiner, D., Woo, M., Neider, J. and Davis, T.(2003) “Opengl Programming Guide”, Addison-Wesley, U.S., United States.
13. Stine, D. J.(2007) “Residential Design Using Revit Architecture 2008”, Schroff Development Corp, USA.
14. Watkins, A.(2001) “The Cinema 4d Xl Handbook”, Charles River Media, USA.
網頁
1. 歐特克公司網站,http://www.autodesk.com.tw/adsk/servlet/home?siteID=1170616&id=2501735
2. 賓特利公司網站,http://www.bentley.com/zh-TW/
3. Tekla公司網站,http://www.tekla.com/ch/Pages/Default.aspx
4. 歐亞電腦公司網站,http://www.ecs-ap.com/
5. 大塚資訊科技公司網站,http://www.oitc.com.tw/
6. 工程會網站,http://www.pcc.gov.tw/pccap2/TMPLfronted/ChtIndex.do?site=002
7. 汶源資訊事業有限公司,http://www.wyerp.com.tw/mapping.php
8. 欣成工程顧問有限公司,http://www.ksrs.com.tw/
9. 匡建資訊管理顧問公司,http://www.kjerp.com/index.html
10. Intergraph(2008)http://www.intergraph.com/smartplant/review/
11. Common Point, Inc(2007)http://www.commonpointinc.com/products/constructsim/constructsim.asp
指導教授 謝定亞(Ting-ya Hsieh) 審核日期 2010-7-30 推文 facebook plurk twitter funp google live udn HD myshare reddit netvibes friend youpush delicious baidu 網路書籤 Google bookmarks del.icio.us hemidemi myshare