含高速化排序架構之天線組態可變的多輸入輸出解碼器設計

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黃宣貴(Hsuan-Kuei Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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電機工程學系

論文名稱

含高速化排序架構之天線組態可變的多輸入輸出解碼器設計
(Design of Antenna-Configurable MIMO Detector with High Speed Sorting Architectures)

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摘要(中)

在此論文裡，我們提出了可適用於6×6、5×5、4×4、3×3 和2×2不同的天線組態，以及可支援64-QAM、16-QAM、QPSK和BPSK不同的調變方法且K值10的K最佳多輸入輸出解碼器。我們設計了改良型K最佳演算法(Modified K-best, 以下簡稱MKB)來取代傳統K最佳演算法每層都需要排序的特色，改為每兩層排序一次減少排序的次數，為了進一步減少拜訪的點數又設計了新式的編碼式列舉法(Code-Book Enumeration, 以下簡稱CBE)將拜訪節點由K×√M減少為K×e，針對排序效率的提升設計了新式的排序方法平行切割合併法(Parallel-Slice Merge Algorithm, 以下簡稱PSMA)和平行氣泡切割排序法(Parallel Bubble-Slice Sort, 以下簡稱PBSS)來加快排序的速度。在硬體的實現上，我們利用MKB與排序電路的組合方塊來達到管線式架構可配置的需求。為了減少乘法器的複雜度，我們使用移位乘法器(Shift Multiplier, SM)來取代傳統的乘法器。本論文使用SMIMS VeriEnterprise Xilinx FPGA驗證電路功能，並以Design Compiler 與UMC Faraday 90μm製程合成與其他文獻作比較。

摘要(英)

In this thesis, we proposed a MIMO detector which can support multiple antenna types (6×6, 5×5, 4×4, 3×3, and 2×2), various modulation schemes (64-QAM, 16-QAM, QPSK, and BPSK) and K-value (K=10). From the algorithm aspects, we deigned a modified K-best algorithm (MKB) can reduce the number of sorting layer from 2Nt to Nt, compared with the conventional K-best algorithm. The MKB also include the Code-Book Enumeration to reduce number of visted nodes from K×√(M ) to K×e.To further enhance sorting performance, we design the Paralled-Slice Merge algorithm(PSMA) and Parallel Bubble-Slice sort(PBSS). In terms of hardware implementation, the MKB and sorting circuit are designed as elementary building blocks. With these building blocks, the proposed MIMO detector can flexibly achieve the configurable architecture. In order to simplify the multiplier complexity, we propose a novel shift-multiplier (SM) to replace the conventional multiplier. Finally, the proposed configurable MIMO detector is verified by the SIMIS VeriEnterprise Xilinx FPGA development board.

關鍵字(中)

★ 改良型K最佳演算法
★ 排序法
★ 多輸入輸出解碼器
★ K最佳演算法

關鍵字(英)

★ MIMO
★ K-Best
★ MKB
★ Sorting Algorithm

論文目次

摘要.....................................................i
Abstract.................................................ii
致謝....................................................iii
目錄.....................................................iv
圖目錄...................................................vi
表目錄....................................................x
第一章緒論..............................................1
1.1 背景..............................................1
1.2 研究動機..........................................4
1.3 論文架構..........................................5
第二章多輸入輸出系統....................................6
2.1 系統架構..........................................6
2.2 多輸入輸出技術....................................8
2.2.1 發射分集..........................................8
2.2.2 接收分集.........................................10
2.2.3 波束成型.........................................11
2.2.4 空間多工.........................................12
2.3 空間多工解碼.....................................13
2.3.1 線性解碼.........................................13
2.3.2 非線性解碼.......................................14
第三章 K-最佳演算法.....................................17
3.1 實數訊號模型.....................................17
3.2 傳統K-最佳演算法.................................19
3.3 所提出之改良型K-最佳演算法.......................20
3.3.1 改良型K-最佳演算法步驟說明.......................22
3.3.2 星座點列舉法.....................................25
3.3.3 合併/排序法......................................35
3.3.4 天線組態可配置之系統架構.........................51
3.4 複雜度與效能比較分析.............................57
第四章Ｋ-最佳演算法解碼器硬體電路設計..................59
4.1 MKB硬體架構......................................60
4.2 輔助單元設計.....................................62
4.2.1 移位乘法器.......................................63
4.3 前端解碼電路設計.................................67
4.3.1 路徑延伸1:16電路設計.............................71
4.3.2 前端排序電路設計.................................72
4.4 後端解碼電路設計.................................76
4.4.1 路徑延伸1:2電路設計..............................77
第五章硬體實現.........................................79
5.1 設計流程.........................................79
5.2 定點數分析.......................................80
5.3 FPGA驗證.........................................86
5.4 硬體比較.........................................88
第六章結論.............................................91
參考文獻.................................................92

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指導教授

薛木添(Muh-Tian Shiue)

審核日期

2011-7-25

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