二維堆積顆粒崩塌過程之研究

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姓名

曾偉鑫(Wei-xin Zeng) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

二維堆積顆粒崩塌過程之研究
(Study on the process of two dimensional granular column collapse)

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摘要(中)

強降雨現象所造成坡地的破壞為台灣常見的災害之一。本研究透過顆粒流實驗，簡化邊坡崩塌問題，以瞭解堆積土體破壞過程之流動特性及堆積型態。本研究使用均勻粒徑的細磨石，堆積成不同高寬比(a = Hi / Li)的塊體，在窄渠道中進行二維崩塌實驗。實驗分為定床和動床兩種底床條件，及顆粒間孔隙含水分別為飽和、未飽和與表面薄層水等三種含水情況，比較底床糙度和孔隙水壓對顆粒流動行為的影響。
堆積幾何型態以堆積長度、堆積高度及堆積角進行量化分析，結果顯示底床條件和含水量對堆積型態有明顯影響。本研究採用Voronoï cell概念的粒子影像測速法，分析流場速度分佈的情形。速度剖面在靠近自由表面處呈線性分佈，內部至擬靜態顆粒堆積層則為指數分佈，和邊壁穩定堆積流變學(SSH)的形式相符合，和Bagnold型態之速度剖面較不符合。

摘要(英)

Slope failures triggered by heavy rainfall occur frequently in Taiwan. This study uses ballistic mill stone to perform two-dimensional granular collapse experiment. Besides changing the aspect ratio, a = Hi / Li, of granular column, we adopt three case of different void water saturations including saturated, unsaturated and pendular. The random column can either collapse on rigid bed or erodible bed.
This study measure deposit distance, deposit height and deposit angle to evaluate the geometric morphology caused by bed friction and pore water pressure. Velocity profile can be recognized into two parts. Approaching free surface would be the linear profile and then the static region could find an exponential tail. The profile could be well describe by super stable heap(SSH) rheology and Bagnold rheology.

關鍵字(中)

★ 速度剖面
★ 孔隙水壓
★ 崩塌
★ 顆粒流

關鍵字(英)

★ velocity profile
★ pore water pressure
★ collapse
★ granular flow

論文目次

摘要 I
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 乾、溼顆粒性質的比較 4
1.4 研究方法 6
1.5 研究架構 6
第二章文獻回顧 8
2.1 堆積顆粒崩塌實驗 8
2.2 顆粒流速度 13
2.3 濕顆粒崩塌實驗 15
第三章實驗配置與方法 17
3.1 實驗渠槽配置 17
3.2 影像擷取設備 18
3.3 顆粒材料性質 20
3.3.1 顆粒粒徑 20
3.3.2 安息角 21
3.3.3 孔隙率 22
3.4 實驗步驟 24
3.4.1 乾顆粒崩落實驗 24
3.4.2 濕顆粒崩落實驗 24
3.5 影像分析方法 25
第四章實驗結果與討論 28
4.1 堆積塊體崩落歷程 28
4.1.1 乾顆粒堆積塊體崩落歷程 28
4.1.2 濕顆粒堆積塊體崩落歷程 30
4.2 堆積幾何型態 33
4.3 崩落後堆積長度及高度 41
4.4 流動層厚度 46
4.5 速度場分佈 51
4.6 速度剖面 62
第五章結論與建議 66
5.1 結論 66
5.2 建議 67
參考文獻 68

參考文獻

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指導教授

周憲德(Hsien-Ter Chou)

審核日期

2011-7-26

推文