電腦科技蓬勃發展，人們享受著電腦所帶來的便利，但是對身障者而言卻是無法跟正常人一樣使用雙手來操控電腦。身障者也有使用電腦的需求，若要為他們設計一台專用電腦，則因市場太小，成本偏高，不是一般有身障者的家庭所能負擔的，且現今電腦發展快速，不到四、五年即需更新，否則無法應付軟體基本需求。因此，本研究發展目的是發展一套身障者專用的鍵盤和滑鼠，讓身障者可以透過專用的鍵盤和滑鼠去使用一般電腦。 本研究採用眼電圖法(EOG)擷取眼睛生理訊號，利用差動放大器、濾波電路、電位平移電路做硬體方面之訊號初步處理，在傳送至微處理器做訊號分析及辨識，將辨識結果轉換成鍵盤或滑鼠之控制訊號，傳送到電腦PS/2埠與電腦做溝通，眼動訊號即可控制電腦之鍵盤和滑鼠，取代傳統手動操控方式。 在眼寫鍵盤方面，其眼寫控制符號之可信度為77.92%，可靠度為75.27%。而在眼寫滑鼠方面，其整體之眼寫控制符號之可信度為96.78%，可靠度為89.39%。 本研究之特點是能交互控制眼寫鍵盤和眼寫滑鼠，增加應用之靈活性，且系統電路構造簡單，可將電路微型化便於攜帶。在於電腦連接溝通方面，不必透過其他介面電路，即可直接使用PS/2埠與電腦做連接。本系統未來的發展，可利用眼寫系統之基礎，應用在其他控制方面，例如電視、輪椅、冷氣等，發展出更多輔具，讓身障者的生活變的更加便利。 Nowadays computer technology is prosperously developed and people enjoy the convenience brought by computers. However, some of the handicapped cannot use their hands to control computers but they still have the need to use them. Although we can create special use computers for these handicapped, they will not be able to afford the high costs because of the small markets. As a result, my research is to develop an eye-writing system of keyboard and mouse in order to help the handicapped be able to use computers. In this study, I measure the physiological signals by using electro-oculography (EOG). At the first stage, I use a differential amplifier, filters, and a voltage shift control circuit to do the preliminary processing. Then, the signals are transmitted to the microprocessor to be analytic and recognized. Third, the microprocessor changes the recognized results into keyboard/mouse signals and transmits the signals to the PS/2 port of computers. Finally, the EOG signals can take place the manual operation and we can communicate with computers by using EOG signals to control keyboard and mouse. The sensitivity of the eye-writing system of keyboard is 77.92% and the specificity is 75.27%; the sensitivity of the eye-writing system of mouse is 96.78% and the specificity is 89.39%. The advantages of this system are high adaptability (alternatively controlling keyboard or mouse), easy to carry, and no need of other interface (using PS/2 port to communicate with computers). In the future work, we can develop other systems to control other objects such as televisions, wheelchairs, and air conditioner by using the similar algorithms.
