| 摘要: | 本研究所探討的問題主要有三個方向：一、提出聯合補貨與通路協調的機制，分析其對供應鏈系統成本改善所產生的影響。二、整合聯合補貨、通路協調以及損耗性商品管理等問題。三、針對多產品、多階層的供應鏈系統，探討如何使得整體通路的利潤最大化。在第一類問題中，我們建構了多個由單一製造商提供多項同質性商品給單一零售商的模式，而其中這些商品共用同一個生產設備。這些模式介紹了如何在供應鏈系統中來整合多產品、多階層的生產及補貨，並運用數量折扣的方式來達到製造商與零售商之間的雙贏目標。在第二類問題中同樣考慮單一製造商、單一零售商以及多產品的通路系統。在這樣的環境設定下，我們加入了產品具有損耗及其需求隨時間變化等特性，發展了四個不同的生產及補貨模式來分析通路協調和聯合補貨對系統成本所產生的影響。第三類問題則是將第二類問題中的通路系統加入了產品定價的議題，探討不同的生產及定價模式如何使得整體系統利潤最大化。 This thesis deals with three areas of emerging research: proposing a joint replenishment program coupled with a channel coordination practice, integrating the three streams of, as yet, rather disjointed research works: namely joint replenishment programs (JRP); channel coordination; and deteriorating goods management, and developing the profit-maximization models, with key features of partially controllable demand rates through pricing scheme and exponentially decaying deterioration rates for the products. In first area, we formulated several supply chain models, with a manufacturer supplying a family of products to a retailer, and the products sharing a common production facility. The models illustrate the challenge of integrating multi-items with multi-echelon production and replenishment, and a saving-sharing mechanism, through a quantity discount scheme, is proposed so that Pareto improvements (i.e., one party is better off and the other is no worse off) can be achieved among channel participants. In second area, the scenario of multi-product and multi-echelon supply chain, which produces, distributes, and sells deteriorating goods in the marketplace has been considered. Under this framework, four cost models were developed, with key assumptions related to time-proportional demand and exponentially decaying deterioration rates. The decision models in third area adopt the supply-side cost control mechanism, namely joint replenishment program and channel coordination practice, and the demand-side pricing scheme. Under a structured framework, four profit-maximization models were developed, with key features of partially controllable demand rates through pricing scheme and exponentially decaying deterioration rates for the products. These models, representing various replenishment and production policies, offer qualitative insights into the interplay between channel coordination and joint replenishment mechanisms. |
