在本文中，我們探討資訊分享與決策制定協調對於供應鏈的影響。我們設定一個簡單的供應鏈，包含一位下游零售商、上游製造商及運輸商。假設下游零售商面對一個連續性且隨著時間變化的需求，在分散決策制定下，亦即NI/NC和FI/NC策略，零售商產生對自己最佳化的補貨排程並驅動上游製造商和運輸商進行補貨。另一方面，在中心決策制定下，亦即FI/FC策略，我們發展一個系統協調的補貨模型，模型目標是為了讓整體系統的成本最小化，產生對整體系統最佳化的共同補貨排程。 本文的目標是為了量化並且分析三種不同程度的資訊分享與決策制定協調的整合策略(NI/NC, FI/NC, FI/FC)對於供應鏈的成本績效影響程度，以及檢定來自資訊分享與決策制定協調所產生的利益分別分配在哪些成員上。除此之外，我們也進行在不同策略下的成本績效對於模型參數的敏感度分析。 In this research, we investigate the impact of information sharing and decision-making coordination in supply chain consisting of one downstream retailer, transportation provider, and single upstream manufacturer. We assume that the downstream retailer faces a continuous time-varying demand and generate his own optimal replenishment schedule to trigger the upstream manufacturer replenishment and the third party transportation under decentralized decision making, i.e., strategy NI/NC (no information sharing and no coordination) and FI/NC (full information sharing and no coordination). On the other hand, we develop a system coordinated replenishment model with the objective of minimizing whole system costs to generate the common replenishment schedule under centralized decision making, i.e., strategy FI/FC (full information sharing and full coordination). Our objective is to quantify and analyze the value of information sharing and decision-making coordination through the three varying-level integration strategies (NI/NC, FI/NC, FI/FC) in supply chain and examine the allocation of system benefits coming form information sharing and coordination among the channel members. In addition, we also investigate the sensitivity of cost performance under the strategies with respect to the model parameters.
