| 摘要: | 民國88年萬泰銀行自日本ACOM株式會社引進現金卡後，陸續國內有部份銀行亦自日本引進技術，然因國情不同、社會結構不同、消費者的特性自不相同，以他國的授信評量模式直接套入，未必適用；未引進日本系統者，有的銀行則採用信用卡或小額信貸之授信評量之信用評分表，因目標客戶群不同，以致使用部份評分內容，並不十分客觀，進而間接的影響授信品質。因此，如何以國內現金卡之客戶群建立一套現金卡審核評量，使能在提高發卡量之餘，預先有效做好客戶之信用風險評估，並能即時反應客戶的信用風險程度，如此才能降低逾期違約比率，減少銀行呆帳損失。 本研究係以國內某排名五大現金卡發卡銀行之客戶為抽樣樣本，對風險因子作深入分析，探討其影響逾期之顯著因素與過去多數研究者在探討房屋貸款、小額信用貸款、信用卡風險因素是否相同，以瞭解不同產品之客戶屬性上之差異性，以利用Logistic-Regression model作研究，經實證結果發現年齡、性別、行業別、家屬構成、子女數、負債比等六個顯著變數與過去研究文獻及一般之預期大致相同；另年收入、進件來源、有無房貸等三項顯著變數，則為與過去研究文獻不同或並無記載；年收入愈高者其違約機率反較收入低者為高；申貸戶來行自行申請者，其違約機率明顯高過行銷公司與行員推廣之案件；有房貸者其違約機率之較無房貸者為低；另本研究引導之授信模型準確率為85.67%。 Since 1999, the cash card system was introduced from Japan ACOM by Coamos Bank. Therefore, some of Taiwanese banks also introduced the system and technology from Japan one after another. However, because of the differences of situation of the country, structure of the society, and characteristics of clients, it’s not suitable to adopt the accredited evaluation form of the other country directly. Also, as for those banks that didn’t adopt the Japanese system, some used accredited evaluation of the credit card or a small amount of a loan. However, because of the difference of the target clients, they just used parts of the evaluation. This way is also not objective and affects the quality of the accredited system indirectly. Hence, according to client base of cash cards, to build a sound evaluation of cash card examination is the way to increase the number of issuing cards. In addition, the banks should evaluate the credit risk of clients at first effectively and react credit risk degree of clients in time. This way can reduce the ratio of breaking the contract---exceeding a time limit and loss of banks’ bad debt. This research discusses if the risk factor that effected on exceeding a time limit by adopting samples of clients of top five banks which issued cash cards has the same results as the past researchers who discussed the home loan, a small amount of a loan and credit card risk in order to realize the difference of clients’ characteristics of different products. The research is shown that six significant factors---age, sex, occupation, structure of family, numbers of children and ratio of debt have the similar results to the past researches by using statistic way—Logistic-Regression. Besides, three significant factors---income, resources of cases, and home loan are different to the past ones or they were not discussed in the past. It’s shown that the ratio of breaking the contract---exceeding a time limit of the high income people is higher than low income ones. Then, the ratio of breaking the contract of applicants who applied for a loan by themselves is also significant higher than those who applied for a loan through the marketing companies and the cases which employees worked for. Also, the ratio of breaking the contract of people who have a home loan is lower than those who don’t. The degree of accuracy of accredited model is 85.67% in this research. |
