| 摘要: | 在婚姻市場中, 由於男女雙方配對過程存在「摩擦」, 所以並非每個人都可在適婚年齡時順利找到結婚對象, 若無法靠自己的力量找到配偶, 就必須透過親友幫忙介紹對象, 甚至安排相親機會, 究竟哪一類型的人較易自己認識配偶, 而哪一類型的人必須透過親友介紹或相親, 本文利用《華人家庭動態資料庫》台灣與中國的資料, 將認識配偶方式分為「自己認識」、「親友介紹」與「相親認識」三種, 以期間分析法(duration analysis) 探討此三種認識配偶方式發生的時間點及相關決定因素。台灣與中國的實證結果皆顯示: 1.愈年輕的世代透過相親認識配偶的機率愈低。 2.教育程度愈高者愈不易透過相親認識配偶。 3.職業為農林漁牧狩獵工作人員者較易經由相親認識配偶。 台灣與中國最大的差異為, 中國的實證結果顯示教育程度愈高者愈容易自己認識配偶, 但台灣僅得出學歷為大學以上者會較晚婚, 並無證據支持教育程度愈高較易自己認識配偶的說法。 此外, 學歷同為大學以上者, 中國人如果到29.42歲仍未婚, 就會考慮用相親的方式認識配偶, 而台灣人卻要到38.42歲以後才會考慮相親, 顯示中國人平均而言較台灣人早婚。 In the marriage market, not everyone is able to find the ideal spouse. If not being able to meet spouse on your own, you must seek friends or relatives’ help,even matchmakers. We have classified the ways to meet spouse into three types:by oneself, by friends or relatives, by matchmakers. With the help from Panel Study of Family Dynamics of Taiwan and China, we examine the occurrence and timing of three ways to meet spouse, and some decisive factors. The results in Taiwan and China show that: 1. the younger cohort, the fewer opportunities by matchmakers. 2. the more educated person, the fewer opportunities by matchmakers. 3. farmers have more opportunities by matchmakers. The biggest difference in both countries is: in China, more educated person is easier to meet spouse by oneself, however, in Taiwan, regardless of the ways to meet spouse, more educated person would delay their first-marriage age. |
