工資不均度與流動性之分析:台灣與美國實證結果比較; The analysis of wage inequality and mobility:The empirical results of Taiwan and U.S.

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Title:	工資不均度與流動性之分析:台灣與美國實證結果比較;The analysis of wage inequality and mobility:The empirical results of Taiwan and U.S.
Authors:	汪靜怡;Ching-yi Wang
Contributors:	經濟學研究所
Keywords:	年群效果;工資不均度;工資流動性;wage mobility;cohort effect;wage inequality
Date:	2009-07-07
Issue Date:	2009-09-22 15:12:30 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學圖書館
Abstract:	工資不均度與流動性向來是談論經濟公平議題中二大重要的指標。本文利用台灣主計處「人力運用調查」1978-2007年的資料，以及美國CPS(Current population Survey)1976-2008年的資料，計算出二國的工資不均度與流動性指標，並利用Deaton and Paxson(1994)的效果拆解法將工資不均度與流動性拆解成年齡、年群與年度效果，試圖做進一步分析，以利於了解造成二國工資不均度與流動性波動的成因是否相同。二國的工資不均度與波動性在年群效果中差異最大。在台灣實證結果方面，在各年群中，工資不均度沒有顯著的差異，但是越晚出生的年群，工資流動性有下降的趨勢。而在美國實證結果方面，越晚出生的年群，工資不均度與工資流動性都呈現上升的趨勢。二國指標的年群效果大不相同，探就其原因後發現，就台灣而言，影響所得分配最重要的原因是恆常性的變動，而恆常性的變動主要來自於個人無法衡量的能力差異變大。而就美國而言，影響所得分配的原因來自二個，一為恆常性的變動，主要是因教育報酬率上升所造成。另一項原因為暫時性的波動，可能是因法令制度改變、廠商與勞工的依附程度下降或是勞動市場競爭激烈所造成。 When we discuss economic fairness, we will care about two indices ,wage inequality and mobility. In order to compare wage inequality and mobility in Taiwan and U.S, this thesis use the data from the 1978-2007 Manpower Utilization Survey (MUS) and the data from the 1976-2008 Current Population Survey (CPS) to construct indices of wage inequality and mobility. We follow Deaton and Paxson (1994) to decompose wage inequality and mobility for male employees into age, cohort and period effects. Empirical results show that (1) wage inequality is not significantly different across most cohorts in Taiwan, but becomes higher among younger cohorts in U.S. (2) mobility is lower among younger cohorts in Taiwan, but becomes higher among younger cohorts in U.S. According to our analysis, we find the main factor to influence wage inequality in Taiwan are permanent factors. In U.S., the factor influence wage inequality in U.S. are permanent factors and transitory factors.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Economics] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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