定期航運產業運價及運送時間對經營績效影響之研究-以某外商海運公司在台灣經營為例; A Study on the Influence of Freight Forwarding Charge and Delivery Time on Business Performance—A Case Study of a Foreign Shipping Company Operating in Taiwan

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題名:	定期航運產業運價及運送時間對經營績效影響之研究-以某外商海運公司在台灣經營為例;A Study on the Influence of Freight Forwarding Charge and Delivery Time on Business Performance—A Case Study of a Foreign Shipping Company Operating in Taiwan
作者:	張輔正;Fu-Cheng Chang
貢獻者:	資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
關鍵詞:	運價;階層迴歸分析法;定期航運產業;經營績效;運送時間;Delivery Time;Business Performance;Hierarchical Regression;Ocean Shipping;Freight forwarding charge
日期:	2006-07-04
上傳時間:	2009-09-22 15:26:53 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	定期航運產業的市場競爭是愈來愈激烈，尤其是近幾年來併購的風潮也不斷地吹向該產業，「大者恆大」的趨勢已是相當的明顯。而各大航商也紛紛朝向「船舶大型化」來發展。這一切的投資作為不外乎擴大其市場占有率、降低單一貨櫃載運成本與提升其運能與運量，更重要的是降低其整體營運成本並賺取最大利潤。本研究主要是以某外商定期航運公司在台灣地區經營的分公司進行個案研究，由於長久以來「運價」與「運送時間」一直是航商在其經營策略中所重視的關鍵因素，因此希望藉由個案公司在台灣地區與其他航商經營的相關資料，用來探討這兩者對航商經營績效的實質影響以及在不同經營區域之下，兩者對航商經營績效的是否會有不同影響。本研究利用「階層迴歸分析法」來加以驗證。研究結果發現，個案公司的絕對價格與相對價格均對其經營績效無顯著的影響。同時，航商的運送時間也是同樣的情形。但是在加入經營區域的因素之後，我們可發現不同航線在其運價與運送時間上對經營績效有相當大的差異。個案公司的絕對價格在南非地區(RSA)對其經營績效是呈現正向相關，而在南美東岸地區(ECSA)則是無影響的。至於其相對價格部份，無論是在南非地區(RSA)與南美東岸地區(ECSA)均對其經營績效皆無影響。在航商運送時間部份，則是顯示在南非地區(RSA)對其經營績效呈現負向相關，而在南美東岸地區(ECSA)則也是無影響的。針對本研究結果與發現，進而實施個案公司相關人員訪談，試圖分析其原因並據此提出對個案公司經營策略的具體建議。本研究的結論是在不同的經營區域下，航商的競爭力對其經營績效是有相當差異的，所以其經營策略與方法也要有所不同。定期航運產業運價與運送時間會因不同的經營區域，對航商的經營績效會有不同的影響，假使航商不因所經營區域的不同，來考慮其運價與運送時間，則對其經營績效是不會有影響的。 Competition in the market of ocean shipping industry is escalating in recent years due to the phenomena of globalization. An obvious trend in this market is the ever increasing merger and acquisition activities. As a result of synergy, bigger players are getting upper hands in the game. At the same time, shipping companies also embark on ordering vessels with larger capacity. Their obvious strategy is to rapidly increase their market share to gain economy of scale and coverage of operational regions. This study adopts a case study approach to look into a foreign ocean shipping company operating in Taiwan. Since freight forwarding charge and delivery time has long been treated as the key factors in operation strategies for shipping companies, this study attempts to analyze the related operation data of this company and their competitors, so as to look into the influence of these two factors on business performance of the company. This study will further analyze the effects of different shipping lines on the results. Results indicate that the business performance of this company is not influenced by freight forwarding charge. In addition, delivery time also has the same effects. However, and important finding is that the effects of freight charge and delivery time on performance is different for different shipping lines. For example, the absolute price of freight will positively influence performance for the South Africa (RSA) line, while not for the South American line. As for delivery time, different effects are also found between delivery time and performance. Apart from the statistical analysis, interviews with the CEO and other related salesperson and managers were carried out. The purpose is to reflect on the results and to discuss the possible implications. Conclusion is as follows: The freight forwarding charge and delivery time of ocean shipping have different influences on business performance under different shipping lines. In other words, shipping company should adopt different strategies and methods for different shipping lines.
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