| 摘要: | 文獻發現(Dennis C. Mueller and Burkhard Raunig (1999)) 標準「結構-行為-績效」模型當產業為同質性(homogeneity)以「結構-行為-績效」模型架構分析有很好解釋力，當產業屬於異質性(heterogeneity)「結構-行為-績效」模型架構分析會產生誤導。 本研究以據聚類分析方法，將企業區分為不同績效之群組，以「結構-行為-績效」模型，利用平衡縱橫資料(balanced panel data)分析2002-06年我國資訊電子產業，探討市場結構、廠商行為與市場績效之關聯性。實證發現:(1)出口程度降低PCM獲利，原因在於我國擅長者為OEM代工，且為貿易導向型產業結構，該代工產品並非以自有品牌進行國際行銷，因而無法以差異化方式進行區隔，進而創造出超額利潤。(2)市場占有率愈大的廠商，代表企業具有較高效率，因而產業集中度就愈大，將促使廠商獲得較高的利潤率。(3)企業具有高度負債比率時，會盡量避免因追求高報酬PCM進而提高價格導致喪失市場占有率。(4)生產力指標(每一員工純益)，實證分析對所有企業群組皆呈現統計顯著性。該部分反應規模經濟效益，尤其對高業績組企業所擁有技術，高密度研發活動以及管理技巧，同時資本密集使企業反映出更高生產力效益。(5)產業銷售成長率增加時，有利於企業增加其營收額，進而提高利潤率。(6)景氣波動影響，於景氣擴張或緊縮時期，不同企業群組會有不同行為表現。(7)匯率與PCM呈現負向關係，貿易導向企業因匯率上升導致企業競爭力降低較之進口成本因匯率升值導致PCM降低程度來得重要。 The literature found (Dennis C. Mueller and Burkhard Raunig (1999)) standard "structure - conduct - performance" model when the industry as the homogeneity "structure - conduct - performance" model framework of a very good explanation, when the industry is heterogeneity "structure - conduct - performance" model framework analysis will be misleading. In this study, according to cluster analysis methods, firms will be divided into different performance of the group, follow the "structure - conduct - performance" model using the balanced panel data of 2002-06 year our country information electron industry, discusses the market structure, the firm conduct and the market performance relatedness. Empirical found:(1) Export degree reduces the PCM profit, the reason lies in our country adepts is OEM foundry, and trade-oriented industrial structure, the foundry products are not to its own brand of international marketing, thus unable to differentiate products, thus creating excess profits. (2) The greater share of the market makers, representatives of firms with high efficiency, thus the greater of concentration of industry, will enable firms higher profit margins. (3) Firms with high debt ratio, will try to avoid the pursuit of high rewards PCM due to further raise prices lost market share. (4) Productivity indicators (net benefits for each employee), empirical analysis of the group are all firms showed statistical significant. The reaction of the economies of scale, particularly for high-performance group of firms owned by the technology, high-density R&D activities and management skills, capital- intensive firms reflects the higher productivity benefits. (5) Industry sales growth rate of increase is conducive to firms to increase their revenue, thus increasing profit margins. (6) Impact of fluctuations in the economy, business expansion or contraction period, the firms of different groups have different behaviour. (7) The real exchange rate and PCM present the negative relations, trade-oriented firms due to real exchange rate led to the competitiveness of firms lower than the cost of imports due to the appreciation of the real exchange rate, led to lower degree of PCM is more important. |
