臺灣地區老舊橋梁數目漸增，橋梁老劣化之狀況已達不可輕忽之地步。老舊橋梁容易因地震、豪雨等天災之侵襲，以及車輛超載等外部因素導致橋梁損壞、斷裂，可能造成用路人傷亡及交通中斷等災害，對社會及人民生命財產造成極大傷害。而國內橋梁養護機關或單位在維修經費有限之狀況下，除對諸多老劣化橋梁之維修篩選排序外，針對一必須維護之橋梁，在考量經濟效益下如何選擇維修或整建方案以使橋梁恢復或提升原有之服務功能，已成為一極重要之課題。 本研究從比較成本之觀點出發，針對橋梁維修及整建方案假設不同之評估年限，以及預估維護各損害構件每次所花費之相關成本，在總效益為最大之前提下，建立合理且能夠簡單量化之評估比較方式，以作為橋梁維護機關或單位評估單一橋梁進行維修或整建之參考依據。本研究完成之成果包含(1)擬定合理可行之效益、成本及構件使用年限等評估項目，(2)建立各評估項目之效益、成本及構件使用年限公式，以及(3)建立橋梁維修與整建方案之比較。藉由比較橋梁不同修復方式之效益，使決策者能夠簡單快速的剔除不符合效益之方案，並優先修復效益高之方案，以提高維修經費之效益。 Many bridges in Taiwan are seriously deteriorated due to aging, overloading of traffic, and natural disasters such as typhoon and earthquake. These old bridges are easily damaged due to external forces and may cause interruptions of traffic or casualties. However, due to limited budget for bridge rehabilitation, in addition to prioritizing of maintenance bridges, it has become a crucial issue to determine whether to rehabilitate or to replace the deteriorated or damaged bridge components when performing maintenance work for an old bridge. The costs and benefits of these two options need to be analyzed before the decision is made. This study aims at establishing quantified models to compare the economical efficiency for rehabilitation or replacement of a specific bridge component for a certain period. The alternative with lower overall cost should be a better choice for the bridge management agency. Results of this research include (1) identifying feasible evaluation items for benefits and costs, (2) establishing evaluation equations for each of the items, and (3) calculating overall costs of the two alternatives. The proposed methods in this research provide simple and fast comparison results for the bridge maintenance agencies for a better use of bridge maintenance budgets.
