因應綠色環保意識興起，又加上全球能源缺乏危機，使得綠色產業之一的太陽能產業亦更受到世界各國注目。然而，由於原料及技術、人才缺乏等限制，使得太陽能產業的發展受到更大挑戰。而該國間若能成功發展太陽能產業，則代表該國掌握的有利的能源企業，同時亦更強化該國的國際競爭力。因此，本研究將聚焦於太陽能產業中最廣泛應用的太陽能電池為主題，作為本研究評估的對象。 本研究運用分析層級程序法(AHP)，以Porter鑽石模型及陳正男與譚大純(1997)的五角模型為理論基礎，加上產業最新報告及文獻探討，建構出台灣太陽能電池之產業競爭力四大構面，包含「影響太陽能電池產業發展的各項生產要素」、「影響太陽能電池產業發展的各項相關支援性產業」、「影響太陽能電池產業發展的廠商策略、結構與競爭」、「政府對於發展太陽能電池產業應扮演的角色」，其中共有25個子因素，並經過共三階段專家訪談及問卷，驗證本研究個子構面所占整體之影響程度。 研究結果經由Expert choice軟體計算出I.R.值，並藉由統計運算出整合各問卷之幾何平均數的權數值瞭解各構面所佔整體影響太陽能電池產業國際競爭力之權重，及藉由I.R.H.、C.I.H.、C.R.H.值等一致性檢定，確認本研究樣本皆符合邏輯性及一致性，其中以「廠商策略、結構與競爭情形」所佔整體權重數0.54258最高，次之為「政府應扮演的角色」佔權重數0.32286，並歸納出各準則及屬性之間的權重高低，可提供企業欲提升本身國際競爭力之參考指標。Solar energy is the most clean and environment friendly among all green energy and the PV industry becomes one of the fastest growing industry under some government subsidy in recent years. After the fast growth period, silicon-base solar cell faced with the shortage of the raw material which led to a high price level of poly-silicon products. At the same time, the second generation thin film solar cell technology is getting mature in operation. How such an emerging technology would affect the structure and competitive dynamics of the solar industry and how potential Taiwan entrants could enter into this arena are two major issues for this thesis research. This study adopts Porter’s (1990) “Diamond Model” and applies Chen and Tang’s (1997) “Five-Point Diamond Model” as the study framework. The pretested questionnaires were mailed to all the members of the fastener manufacturer association. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to analyze responded questionnaires. The possible factors affecting the international competitiveness are collected by literatures, interview and questionnaires by which the professional opinions are collected in the industry, government, the academia, and the research. The critical framwork includs (1) the factor conditions, (2) the related and supporting industries, (3) the firm strategy, structure and rivalry, and (4) the role of the government, and contains the 25 factors. The result found that the most significant factor is the firm strategy, structure and rivalry (0.54258) and the second powerful factors is the role of the government (0.32286). Finnaly, the research provides strategic suggestions and relevant conclusions for the government and the manager in solar energy industry.
