薪資結構對組織績效的影響，一直以來都是勞動經濟學當中的有趣議題之一，Lazear and Rosen (1981)所提出的競賽理論認為，組織內各個層級之間所存在的薪資差距，可以誘使個人為了往更高的層級晉升而努力，並進一步使組織的績效更為提升。隨後Lazear (1989)亦另外提出薪資公平的看法，當組織內經理層級越多且分工越專業時，組織績效的好壞是繫於經理人之間的合作程度，而非個別經理人的能力,因此強調團隊合作的公司，應該採取較為壓縮的薪資結構。 本研究藉由NBA 以及 MLB 近十個球季(2000 年球季到2009 年球季)的資料作為研究樣本，探討球隊薪資結構對球隊勝率的影響，並探討兩個不同職業運動聯盟之間，是否會有不同薪資結構理論來支持。接著本研究進一步將兩個聯盟內的球員，依照不同的鋒線位置以及守備位置做劃分，探討不同位置的球員其薪資結構對球隊勝率的影響，更期望可以對球隊在支付球員薪資時，提供經營策略上的建議。 實證結果顯示不論是NBA 或MLB 當球隊總薪資越高，則所對應的球隊勝率則會有正向的顯著影響。而在以提升球隊勝率的前提條件下，NBA 的薪資分佈呈現級距相對較大的薪資結構，MLB 則是呈現相對較為壓縮的薪資結構。從球員位置來探討，NBA球員當中，實證結果並不支持中鋒及前鋒等鋒線球員的薪資結構相較於後衛的薪資結構要顯得壓縮；但相較之下，MLB 各守備位置的球員，實證結果支持所對應的薪資結構皆屬於較為壓縮的態勢。The influence of salary structure on organization performance has always been an interesting topic of labor economics. Tournament theory proposed by Lazear and Rosen (1981) indicated that pay gap existing in all levels of organization can induce individuals to strive for promotion, and further more enhance organizational performance. Later on, Lazear (1989) also proposed another viewpoint on pay equity. When manager level and division of labor within an organization becomes more and more specialized , the organization’s performance hinges on the level of cooperation between managers, rather than the ability of individual managers. Therefore, companies emphasizing teamwork should take a more compressed wage structure. This research uses the information of both NBA’s and MLB’s past ten seasons (2000 to 2009 seasons) as the research sample to explore the influence of a team's salary structure on its performance, and to explore whether two different professional sports leagues are supported by different salary structure theories. Then this study further classifies both NBA and MLB players according to positions on the team ,and investigates the influence of their salary structures on winning percentage in the hope of providing advice on business strategies when the team pays players. The empirical results show that no matter in NBA or MLB, the higher total salary a team has, the higher winning percentage it shows. In order to enhance team winning percentage, NBA salary distribution shows a relatively large salary structure; however, MLB presents a relatively compresed one. In terms of players’ positions, among NBA players, there is non significant the salary structure of strikers such as centers and forwards is obviously more compressed, compared with that of backs; and the salary structure of MLB players at all fielding positions shows a more compressed salary structure.
