| 摘要: | 新埔地區的人口，由日治時期至光復以來，一直是以客家族群為主，為鳳山溪與霄裡溪流域所匯合形成的客家聚落。為解讀此區域客家族群產業變遷及其盛衰消長，可藉由小區域研究方式，對新埔地區產業變遷做深入探討研究。 故本研究針對新埔地區發展歷程中具有代表性的主要產業做研究，藉由史料之收集，根據工場名簿、新竹州統計書等次級資料，並採用次級資料研究方法，將資料蒐集統整後，分類編排，繪製成圖表，進行分析研究與探討。另輔以深度訪談法，以補文獻資料之不足。 也透過剖析新埔地區市場活動進行、形成網絡，交通運輸、水利發展，了解該鄉鎮產業發展歷程。新埔地區的地理位置，因四周丘陵重疊，土地屬丘陵地質，氣候高溫、多雨、強風為其特徵。因新埔的土質、丘陵地形與氣候適宜柑橘的種植，日治時期獎勵開發丘陵地區，產量遂大幅增加，且在政策面的獎勵轉作下，柑橘產業因而隨之崛起。 因新埔地區清代的交通與水利等基礎建設，已初具雛形，奠立日後農業產業的發展條件。而日治時期至光復以來的產業變遷與盛衰消長，則主要是受政府政策影響與自然環境影響。本文藉由次級資料及相關史料的研究，期能對新埔地區的產業發展提供足以參考的脈絡。We knew the population of Hsinpu area has been dominated by Hakka people, from the Japanese colonial period to the Taiwan’s recovery, and it’s the confluence of the Xiao Li and Feng Shan River watershed and formed the Hakka community. To interpret the rise and fall, growth and decline of the industry transition within the Hakka community in this region, we would explore the industry transition of Hsinpu in depth by small-area studies. Therefore, the research focuses on the main and representative industry in the development of course, by historical data collection, and according to the secondary data such as the factory registration, the statistics books of Hsinchu state. And using secondary data research methods, after collecting and integrating data, classifying and well arranging raw data to the charts, so as to do further analyze and research. And we had supplemented by other in-depth interview to supplement inadequate documentation. Also we would understand the process of the rural industrial development through the analysis of the market activities, the formation of networks, transportation, and water development. It’s located among the overlap around the hills, the land is hilly countryside, and its characteristics including high temperature, much rainfalls and strong winds. As we knew the soil, hilly terrain and climate in Hsinpu are suitable for citrus cultivation, and the award of development of hilly areas during Japanese colonial period, then a substantial increase in production, and the government's policy of incentives to switch to the citrus industry, with a consequent rise. Because we knew the infrastructures such as transport and water, has already been formed in the Qing Dynasty, so lay in the future conditions and development of agriculture and industry. And the growth and decline of industrial transition from the Japanese colonial period to the Taiwan’s recovery, mainly affected by government policies and the environment. Finally, this research through the related historical material and the secondary research, we would expect it could provide sufficient reference to the development of industry in Hsinpu. |
