探討以英文為第二語言或外語的文獻，揭示字彙能力與背景知識是閱讀理解的重要因素，然而在研究方法上多採用事後回憶或理解測驗方式，對於即時的閱讀歷程仍所知有限。本研究對象是中央大學的大學生，研究一探討低頻字的唸讀速度、正確性與字彙能力的關係，結果發現唸讀的正確性與瞭解字義之間有較高之相關。研究二依據研究一結果以唸讀的正確性區分字彙能力高低組，並依受試者的系別背景區分非自然科學系組與自然科學系組，以時間性與空間點紀錄皆較為細緻的眼動追蹤技術，探討不同字彙能力與背景知識讀者閱讀科學類文章的眼動型態。 整體的眼動資料顯示字彙能力是影響閱讀的關鍵因素，但未能顯現背景知識的效果。本研究主要發現字彙能力較高讀者的閱讀速度較快，眼睛向前與往回的凝視時間較短，而且回視率較低；相對而言，字彙能力較低讀者的閱讀速度較慢，眼睛向前與往回的凝視時間較長，並且有較高的回視率。此外，進行重複閱讀的讀者顯現閱讀效益，即在第二次閱讀時，眼睛向前與往回的凝視時間較短、凝視次數較少、以及向前移動的距離較長。研究結果與英文為第一語言文獻相較，發現以英文為外語的大學生之閱讀速度較慢、凝視時間較長、眼睛移動距離較短、回視率較高、並且在功能字的凝視比例較高。 Given the fact that lexical ability and background knowledge play crucial roles in second language reading and yet less information is available for on-line reading processes, much empirical research is needed. In Study 1, 60 students of National Central University were tested in a read-aloud task. The results suggested that indices of both speed and accuracy significantly correlated with lexical ability, and accuracy could best represent for lexical ability. In Study 2, subjects' eye movements were monitored as they read scientific texts. The results indicated that lexical ability influenced the on-line reading processes, but background knowledge did not. Readers with higher lexical ability read faster, their forward and backward fixation duration was faster, and the regression rate was smaller. In addition, when subjects read twice, they had much reduced reading time, less fixations and longer forward saccade length in the second round. There was reading benefit. Overall, the eye movements of EFL college readers were quantitatively different from those of English native college readers.
