數位學習遊樂場：整合機器人與即時互動舞台在教室中建立擬真的學習環境; Digital Learning Playground: Integrating a Robot and a Responsive Stage to Construct a Near Authentic Learning Environment in the Classroom

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題名:	數位學習遊樂場：整合機器人與即時互動舞台在教室中建立擬真的學習環境;Digital Learning Playground: Integrating a Robot and a Responsive Stage to Construct a Near Authentic Learning Environment in the Classroom
作者:	李志賢;Jih-Hsien Lee
貢獻者:	資訊工程研究所
關鍵詞:	體驗學習;教室學習;機器人;混合實境;真實學習;Classroom;Experiential Learning;Robot;Mixed Reality;Authentic Learning
日期:	2011-07-07
上傳時間:	2012-01-05 14:52:49 (UTC+8)
摘要:	傳統的教室設計是讓老師將教學內容傳遞給學生，老師是知識的主要來源而學生大都是被動的知識接收者。大多數情況下，學生往往缺乏機會來應用他們所學到的知識及技能。然而，知識是學習者與環境互動的產品，基本上是受文化和活動的影響，在這種情況下，可能導致學生忽略了知識的來源、應用和意義。學生不僅很容易忘記所學的知識，更不知道如何將所學到的知識應用在現實的生活中，這可能導致學習效果不能達到預期的目的。許多教育工作者也都主張學生要在真實的情況下學習。近年來，真實學習(Authentic Learning)已被廣泛的應用到不同的學習領域。它主要是提供一個真實的學習情境，讓學習者能沉浸在學習的環境中，透過親身的體驗來學習知識與技能。由於科技的發展，許多新興的資訊技術已經可以在特定的教學的目中被用來呈現擬真的環境。但目前大部份學校的教室，因受限於教室空間、設備、經費及擴展性等問題，很難將擬真的學習環境建置在教室中。因此，發展一個可行的機制，在教室中建置擬真的學習環境，讓學生透過真實情境的體驗來學習知識與技能，對促進學校教學的成效將是重要的關鍵。為了能在教室中建立擬真的學習環境並將真實學習(Authentic Learning)的好處帶進傳統教室中.本研究在現有教室環境中建置一個具有經驗學習模式的擬真學習環境 : 數位學習遊樂場(Digital Learning Playground).教師可將教學內容轉化成學習情境，可以用它來進行教學活動；學生可以透過它所營造出來的擬真情境來進行體驗學習，也可以透過觀摩其它學生的學習經驗來強化自己的學習。本研究提出也提出一個結合實體機器人與混合實境技術的機制，結合戲劇式舞台的環境架設及混合實境的技術來創造一個學習情境。使用機器人來扮演學習代理者，以連結學習者與系統所呈現的學習情境。將體驗式學習的學習模式轉化到系統的教學設計中，讓學習者能獲得更真實的學習經驗。系統也設計了三種教學方法讓教師和學生可以在環境中進行教學與學習活動。本系統經實驗結果顯示，有89.4%的學生同意本系統能提供擬真學習的經驗與學習樂趣。幾乎所有的可以學生都可以感受到經驗學習模式的設計，其中有93.3%的學生表示他們可將所學的知識轉化並應用到其他情境上。有93.3%的學生認同系統所提供的具經驗學習模式的學習機制有助於對知識的學習與瞭解，並相信他們可以有更好的學習成果。在學習成效的表現,實驗結果經統計分析後顯示,使用本系統的學生在測驗卷的平均成績(80.83)與使用原來教學方式學生的平均成績(68.00)高,從兩組獨立樣本t檢定的結果（P=0.028<0.05）有顯著性差異。老師表示本系統可以提供學生實際練習所學知識的機會，可以提生學生的學習動機與專注力，減輕老師與學生在課程中的負擔。他們還表示，大部分教室已經擁有本系統所需的設備，所以認為在教室中建置這樣的學習環境可行性相當高。綜觀本研究的結果顯示,我們可以利用數位科技來建構一個可行性高的擬真學習環境並且將真實學習的好處帶進傳統的教室裡。 The traditional design of classroom is to transfer and teach contents. Teachers are the main resources of learning, and students are passive receivers of knowledge. Mostly, students often lack the opportunity to apply what they learned. However, knowledge is the product of interactions of learners and environment, and is essentially affected by culture and activities. Under this situation could cause students to neglect the fountainhead, application, and meaning of knowledge. Students not only are easy to forget what they have learned, but also do not know how to use their knowledge into the real life. This could cause the learning outcomes cannot achieve the intended purpose. Many educators have advocated that students should learn in real situations. In the recent years, authentic learning has been widely used on various fields. It provides a learning environment in order to allow the learner to immerse in the environment to develop knowledge and skills through problem solving in different situations. Many emerging information technologies have been used to present authentic environment in pedagogical purpose. How can we bring the benefits of real-world, situated learning to the traditional classroom? Authentic learning may provide one solution. However, the authentic learning environment might not be accessible for classrooms with concerns of sophisticated equipments, spatial convenience, cost, and extendibility. Thus, developing a mechanism to create an affordable near authentic learning environment in the classroom which students can learn effectively through the concrete experience is crucial to facilitating learning. For construct a near authentic learning environment and bring the benefits of authentic learning to the conventional classroom, this study constructed a learning system in the classroom called Digital Learning Playground (DLP). Teachers can transfer learning contents into the system and utilize the DLP to assist students learning; students can acquire the experience through personal involvement and learn by hands-on experience. This study attempts to devise a mechanism to integrate the Mixed Reality technology and a robot to construct a near authentic learning environment. It adopted the concept of dramatic stage to construct a responsive stage, through the stage set up and Mixed Reality technology to create learning situations. A robot with emotion feedback was designed to play the role of learning agent. In order for learners to gain a more realistic learning experience, we included the experiential learning cycle in the instructional design. It also designed three instructional methods for teachers and students to conduct the learning activities in the classroom. According to the results of the experiments, 89.4% of students satisfied the learning experiences provided by the system. Almost the students can acquire the learning model of “act-response-reflect” design and 93.3% students thought that they can transfer the knowledge to other similar situations. There also had 93.3% students thought that the system can help their learning and believed they could have better achievement through the system. It compared the test scores between the students who learn in the DLP with the students that did not use the DLP; we can clearly see that the students who earn in the DLP scored higher than the other students. The teacher indicated that the DLP could provide practical learning opportunities for students to use what they had learned. It could also allow the student to be more proactive, motivated and focused towards the lesson and lessen the burden on both the students and teachers. They in addition said that most classrooms already had the required equipment for DLP, so they feel that the possibility of using DLP in a classroom is quite high. This results of this study revealed that we can use digital technology to provide an affordable, accessible near authentic learning environment in the classroom and bring the benefits of authentic learning to the conventional classroom.
顯示於類別:	[資訊工程研究所] 博碩士論文

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