| 摘要: | 近年來受到金融風暴的環境衝擊下，企業經營環境受到嚴峻的考驗，為了追求毛利及企業永續經營，對供應商的依存性也越來越高，企業不再與眾多供應商進行低價策略，而是選擇適合的供應商進行夥伴策略，供應商協同設計與製造模式讓企業的產品開發時程能夠縮減，及材料成本的降低，進而讓產品更具有市場競爭力。
本研究主要的目的在探討少量多樣化的供應商管理與績效評估模式的作法，從經濟學與工廠效益評估的角度，工廠的生產採用少樣多量化是最能發揮效益的。但放眼市場產品，只有原料及終端熱銷產品（如:手機/平板/NB筆電等等），有機會做到少樣多量化。工廠的生產效益也隨著科技技術的精實，讓產品生產速度與品質提升，許多工廠都面臨到一兩天就需要換機種生產，甚至只能生產幾個小時。倘若是標案生產模式，它的生產數量更像多樣少量的特定生產模式，無法大量排線生產，其作業物流需要更有彈性的運作，方能維繫公司的永續經營與成長。對供應鏈而言，除非標準件生產和模組化生產，讓零件與製程變異簡單化。 少量多樣化的零組件生產模式造成各階段的生產困擾，卻仍使用著大量生產模式的供應商績效管理模式。
加上標案式的接單生產工廠，其少量多樣化的供應鏈管理，無法利用計劃性生產做為產能調配，又無大量採購的優勢（Buying Power），供應鏈管理的困難程度更較一般消費性電子產品生產工廠為艱困，更需要運用有效的管理模式，來創造出供應商管理績效與價值。藉由以下幾項研究議題來改善少量多樣化的供應商績效：
如何進行供應商績效評估之研究
如何進行少量多樣化供應商管理模式研究
如何對少量多樣化供應商管理做法研究
本研究根據供應商管理與績效評估實務的架構，提出了供應商績效評估量化指標，讓企業在設計績效指標能快速、精準、客觀的選擇評估指標。對其導入過程、供應商管理運作模式及建構供應商管理機制，應可作為日後相關產業廠商導入與建構供應商管理與績效評估的實務運作參考之用。
With the aggravation of global financial storm in recent years, the business environment of enterprise is undergoing a severe challenge. In the pursuit of gross profit and sustainable operation, enterprise’s dependency on suppliers is getting much higher than the past. They began to choose suitable suppliers for partnership strategy instead of low-price strategy with the mode of collaborative design and manufacture, which helps the enterprises to shorten their products development schedule and lower down the material cost. And then to enhance the market competitiveness greatly.
The main purpose of this study aims at exploring the method of supplier management and performance evaluation of low volume but with great variety production models, which can bring out the best possible results from the perspective of economics and factory benefit assessment. But when we take a broad view of market products, only the raw materials and the end hot-sale products (such as mobile phone, tablet, NB laptops, etc.), have the opportunity to do the model of low volume with great variety. With the accelerated development of technology, the production efficiency has been enhancing day after day, meanwhile the production speed and products quality are promoted as well. Many factories are confronted with the faster and shorter production lead time- from one or two days even to few hours. If bidding model, the production quantity is more like the low volume and great variety production model instead of the mass production. Such model requests more flexibility on the logistics that can help enterprise’s sustainable operation and continuous growth. For supply chain, the standard component and modularization production can only simplify the variation of component and procedure. The low volume quantity and great variety production model caused many problems during the stages of production, but most of factories still use the model of supplier performance management of mass production to manage factories activities.
Combining with the bidding and build-to-order production model, the low volume and great variety production model of supply chain management cannot be used either to plan production for capacity allocation or to have the large number of purchase advantages (Buying Power), which all made the difficulties of supply chain management harder than general consumer electronics products factories’. Therefore, it is more important to use the effective management mode to create the higher supplier management performance and value. The following research topics aim at to improve the low volume and great variety production model of supplier performance:
How to carry out the research on assessment of supplier performance
How to study the low volume and great variety model of supplier management
How to research on the low volume and great variety model of supplier management practices How to research on the low volume and great variety model of supplier management practices
This research is based on the structure of supplier management and performance evaluation practices, and put forward the quantitative indicators of supplier performance evaluation for enterprise to design and select performance indicators promptly, accurately and objectively. For the implement process and supplier management operation model as well as the supplier management mechanism construction, this research as the reference, can truly help the related industries and manufacturers to import and construct the supplier management and performance evaluation practices. |
