| 摘要: | 近20年來台灣高等教育校數逐年增加，高等教育錄取人數及錄取率亦節節高升，引發本研究對高等教育不同科系背景畢業之畢業工作起薪差異產生興趣，及大學普及化政策推動後，對高等教育畢業生之畢業工作起薪是否有正向相關。
本論文採中央研究院調查研究中心「學術調查研究資料庫」(以下簡稱SRDA)所釋出自1991年至2010年共20年間之行政院主計總處針對每年度人力運用調查─附帶專案調查資料，並採最小平方估計法(OLS)、加權迴歸估計式(GLS)、異質性檢定(Heteroskedasticity)、LM檢定法及差中差分析法(Difference-in-differences estimator)等計量迴歸估計方法進行研究分析。
探討大學畢業生不同科系背景對畢業工作起薪之影響實證結果為：在5% 顯著水準下，大學軍警學校及大學醫學院系畢業學生之畢業工作起薪傾向顯著高於文學院系畢業學生之畢業工作起薪；大學農學院系畢業學生之畢業工作起薪傾向顯著低於文學院系畢業學生之畢業工作起薪；而大學文學院系與大學教育學院系、理學院系、工學院系、商學或管理學院系、法學院系等畢業後之畢業工作起薪傾向無顯著差異。
探討碩士畢業生於不同科系背景對畢業工作起薪影響實證結果為：在5% 顯著水準下，碩士醫學院系、碩士軍警學校、碩士工學院系、碩士理學院系、及碩士商或管理學院系等5系所碩士畢業學生之畢業工作起薪傾向顯著高於碩士文學院系畢業學生之畢業工作起薪；而碩士文學院系與農學院系、法學院系、教育學院系等碩士畢業後之畢業工作起薪傾向無顯著差異。
大學普及化政策推動後，相較政策推動前，除對大學軍警學校畢業生之畢業工作起薪有正向影響效果外，對其餘各院系畢業生之畢業工作起薪傾向呈現負向影響效果，意味著大學教育之普及，其效果不佳且未使大學畢業生之畢業工作起薪呈現正向上漲傾向。
Near 20 years of increment of higher educational school in Taiwan, higher education intake and enrollment rate also rise,research on different branches of higher education background raised the graduates interested in starting salary of graduates of higher education if there are related.
This Thesis uses Central Institute of Investigation Center “ Academic Investigation Database “ ( following in SRDA) by release from 1991 to 2010 total of 20 years of Executive House, Department of Audit for annual of men power research , with fringe project investigation data, and Ordinary Least Square Method (OLS), Generalized Least Square (GLS), Heteroskedasticity Test , LM Verification Method and Different In Difference Estimator to regression estimation method for measurement of the research conducted.
The research result on university graduates of different background for the influence on graduate starting salary under the 5% significance level, University, Police Academy and Medical graduate shows the tendencies of receiving higher starting salary then those in literature major graduated students. Major in Agriculture graduate students shows lower starting salary than major in literature graduates. Studies have shown no significant differences between the starting salary of graduates from Arts, Education, Science and Engineering, Commerce, and Management and Laws.
The research result between Master degree graduates from different programs and the starting salary under the 5% significance level. Medical Masters, Masters of Military/ Police Academy, Engineering, Sciences and Commerce or Management have the tendency of receive higher salary than the Master degree of Literature graduates, and Master of Literature graduates and Agriculter, Laws , Educational shows no significant difference on the starting salaries.
After the acknowledgement of the policy to Popularization of the University Policy, compare the policy promoted before, in addition to the Military / Police Academy graduate starting salary have positive effect, To the remaining graduates experienced in negative effect, means the popularization of university education , the result did not effect to those graduates to increase the starting salary. |
