自1990年代之後,策略性產業、高科技產業已成台灣另一階段的發展目標,也是進入二十一世紀之新興產業,而其所需的人才越來越高比例是「知識工作者」與「知識技術工作者」。此產業的員工由於工作量遽增,往往面對極大的工作壓力。此外,主管和員工之間的交換關係,亦會影響員工對於工作角色的感知,進而影響其對組織的認同與工作績效。因此,本研究將探討領導者與部屬間之交換關係品質對於員工在工作角色感知之影響,如角色模糊、角色衝突與角色過度負荷,以及工作角色感知對於工作績效之影響。 研究結果顯示:(1)領導部屬交換關係會負向影響員工的工作角色模糊與角色過度負荷,但領導部屬交換關係對於員工的工作角色衝突則無顯著影響。(2)員工感受的角色模糊、角色衝突、角色過度負荷對其工作績效則無顯著之影響。(3) 領導部屬交換關係會正向影響員工的工作績效。針對研究結論,本研究提出管理意涵與未來研究之討論與建議。 This study investigates the relationships among leader-member exchange, employees’ perceived role ambiguity, role conflict, and work overload, and job performance. With the sample of employees mainly in the high-technology and finance industries, it is found that leader-member exchange is negatively related to role ambiguity and overload. The relationship between leader-member exchange and role conflict is found non-significant. Employees’ perceived role ambiguity, conflict, and overload are found to have a non-significant relationship with their performance. In addition, leader-member exchange is found to positively related to employees’ performance. Managerial implications and suggestions for future research are thus discussed.