電路板的原始稱謂來自英文的PCB ( Printed Circuit Board )，中文則譯稱為”印刷電路板”也有人以PWB( Printed Wiring Board )稱之，顧名思義該產品是以印刷技術製作的電路產品。他取代了1940年代以前，電氣產品以銅線配電方式，使大量生產複製速度加快，產品體積得以縮小，方便性提昇、單價降低。 PCB素有電子產業之母的美名，台灣地區經歷了近四十年的發展，印刷電路板產業已自成一完整供應鏈體系，過程中固然有廠商因種種因素而退出市場，儘管廠商競爭異常激烈、整體產業利潤率日漸縮小，現存廠商面對日益惡劣的經營環境該採取何策略來確保企業獲利與生存條件? 本研究以產業經濟學的結構－行為－績效理論為架構，探討印刷電路板產業之基本條件、市場結構、廠商行為及營運績效之相互關係以及如何受到政府政策對產業的影響。研究發現不同的產品類型會有不同的市場結構，廠商的應對策略與行為也理所當然有所差異，因此產品市場區隔明顯的廠商通常亦會有較優越的營業績效。 ;The so-called circuit board is referred to PCB ( Printed Circuit Board ). According to its literal definition, the product of PCB is the kind of product manufactured by printing technologies. Such technology , entirely substituted for original producing method electricity distribution with cooper wire used widely before the 1940’s , it can effectively accelerates manufacture , reduces the volume of product and lower unit price and enhance conveniently.
PCB industry has been reputed as the mother of the electronics industry. And PCB has accomplished an perfect system of supply chain because It has developed in Taiwan here for almost 40 years . However the severe competition among PCB makers, the decreasing profit , the worsening management circumstance , all are forced PCB maker to do something for their survival and grabbing their benefit .
This study is based on “Structure-Conduct-performance” industrial economy theory. By researching the relationship among marketing structure, conduct and performance of PCB industry, the empirical results could reveal how it was influence by government policies. The study shows that various kinds of products possess various marketing structures. Therefore, PCB maker should , Of course , take different measures to deal with complicated situations Hence , the PCB makers , who possess obviously market compartment , would attain to outstanding achievement.
