公營事業所提供之物品或服務，乃係大眾之生活所需，而在提供此種物品或服務時，與大眾顧客產生之法律關係是否合理，亦即公營事業有無利用其所供給者為大眾生活所需而故意擡高其自身之交易地位，迫使他方當事人，即大眾顧客不得不接受不合理之交易條件，國家對於公營事業之外部顧客法律關係，應加以規範與監督。在自來水事業及電力事業停水、停電時，對於天然災害致無法供給之損失補償責任，其法基礎為何，其求償條件是否過苛，是否濫用其市場優勢地位而決定補償範圍，而違反效能競爭原則，均是本論文所關注的焦點。 本文共分九章，第一章緒論。第二章公營事業供給合約之法律性質，說明公營事業供給義務及定型化契約約款之性質。第三章為拒絕履行給付及停止供給。第四章公營事業停止供給損失補償責任限制之概述。第五章以國內、外公營事業停止供給損失補償辦法之規定比較研析。第六章以石門水庫活化排砂作業迫使停止供給自來水事件談「無預警」停水責任。第七章台灣公營事業之經濟概況及展望。第八章天然災害防治制度及經濟誘因工具災害保險之可行性。第九章為本文結論與建議。 基於社會國原則精神，公營事業對於人民所受的損失給予一定程度的補償，不能因提供社會補償或損失補償，而否定或剝奪人民請求損害賠償之權利。最終希望藉由本文之研究有助於建立公營事業供給義務之正確認知及政府對於天然災害減輕的政策之建立，降低天然災害的衝擊。 ;The public enterprises provide the goods or the service needed by everyone, but the legal relationship with the customer whether reasonable or not, whether the public enterprises use its supplier for the customer needs. The government should perform the standard and the inspector general for the unreasonable transaction condition, regarding the public enterprise the external customer legal relationship. The running water enterprise and the electric power enterprise cut off the water and the power supply , what of the law foundation by the loss compensation responsibility of the supplies, whether strict for to recompense by abusing its market superiority status and Violating the potency competition principle. These doubt discusses are focal points of the paper. The following is the study’s major contents. Chapter One－Introduction. Chapter Two－Legal nature public enterprise supplies contract. Chapter Three－Resist and the stop supplies. Chapter Four－Compare the damage compensate system and the loss compensation system. Discuss the public enterprise whether “the damage compensate” and “the loss compensation” coexist or not. Chapter Five－The public enterprise stops supply of loss compensation responsibility limit. Chapter Six－Discuss “no early warning” of cutting off the water supply the responsibility by the Shimen Reservoir. Chapter Seven －Public enterprise economic profile and forecast. Chapter Eight－Natural disaster prevents and control the system and feasibility of the economical cause tool. Chapter Nine－This article conclusion and suggestion. Based on the social country principle spirit, the public enterprises cannot deny and eliminate the customer’s right of damages ,even if provided the society compensation or the loss compensation, Finally, this article establish the correct cognition of public enterprise supplies duty and the government’s policy of the reducing of the natural disaster's impact.
