個人環境行為經濟與非經濟因素之分析

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Title:	個人環境行為經濟與非經濟因素之分析
Authors:	蔣亞庭;Chiang,Ya-Ting
Contributors:	產業經濟研究所
Keywords:	個人環境行為;社會規範;順序機率模型;Environmental Behavior;Social norm;Ordered Probit Model
Date:	2014-06-24
Issue Date:	2014-08-11 18:35:25 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	中文摘要論文名稱：個人經濟行為經濟與非經濟因素之分析校所組別：國立中央大學產業經濟所經濟組研究生：蔣亞庭指導教授：劉錦龍博士論文摘要：近年來，全球氣候急速變遷，全球暖化嚴重地改變生態環境，天然災害傷害人類的事件層出不窮，人們環保意識及行為已備受重視。而環境問題日益嚴重下，不論是全球暖化、溫室效應，抑或是區域性的環境汙染，皆是個人環境行為與大自然環境的交互作用影響下的產物。人類對於自然環境的認知是主動觀察改進，抑或害怕責罰以及輿論壓力進而展現友善環境行為，值得我們進一步探討。本文利用中央研究院社會學研究所在2010 年所做的台灣社會變遷基本調查計畫(第六期第一次)以及美國的社會概況調查(General Social Survey,GSS)資料，採用順序機率模型(Ordered Probit Model)來研究個人的社會經濟地位、所受到的社會規範、與自身所處社群關係的滿意度、以及個人過去的環保態度對於個人環境行為的影響。實證研究結果顯示，個人社會經濟地位會顯著影響個人環境行為，像是在兩套資料中都證實女性比男性更顯著地有親環境行為，年齡以及教育水準越高的受訪者也會傾向表現出環保行為；另外個人所受到的非強制性的社會規範的確對於親環境行為有顯著正向的效果，例如信仰佛教的受訪者會高出約7.3%的機率更常有的回收行為。而個人社會經濟地位以及個人過去環保態度會比起社會規範以及社群關係更加顯著地影響個人的親環境行為，這與Viscusi et al. (2011) 所得出的結論一致。關鍵詞：個人環境行為、社會規範、順序機率模型;Abstract In recent years, global climate have changed rapidly. Global warming seriously alter the ecological environment, and natural disasters damage human beings, people′s environmental awareness and behavior has been rising. Under increasingly serious environmental problems, whether it is global warming, the greenhouse effect, or a regional environmental pollution, are all a product of the interaction of the individual′s behavior and the natural environment. It is worth for further discussion that the Human’s cognition of environment is to protect environment actively, or is to show pro-environmental behavior under the stress of public opinion or the fear of punishment. This paper use the data of Taiwan Social Change Survey Project made by Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica in 2010 and the U.S. General Social Survey and use Ordered Probit Model to study the influence of individual socio-economic status, social norms, the community satisfaction, and the past environmental attitudes on personal environmental behaviors. The empirical results show that individual socio-economic status significantly affect personal environmental behavior. For example, in the two sets of data, it all significantly prove that women have more pro-environmental behavior than men. Besides, the higher the level of education and age of the respondents also tend to behave the pro-environmental behavior. The empirical results also prove that the nonmandatory social norms indeed have significant positive effects on pro-environmental behavior. For example, Buddhist respondents show approximately 7.3% higher chance than the respondents believe in other religion on recycling. Moreover, The individual socio-economic status and personal environmental attitude will influence environmental behavior more than the social norms and the community satisfaction. The conclusion is consistent with that in Viscusi et al. (2011). Key word：Environmental Behavior、Social norm、Ordered Probit Model
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