臺灣地區重大公共工程與民間建築工程每年產出的營建剩餘土石方多達三千餘萬方，這些餘土依規定必須外運至土資場或其他合法收容處理場所進行後續處理利用。但在外運過程中往往會造成空氣汙染、噪音、交通阻塞及公安意外等環境問題。近年來，政府積極地推動永續發展及節能減碳之理念政策，鼓勵工程在規劃設計與施工階段能達成土方於工區內達成平衡不外運，或者透過工地間交換使用減少土方之運送。根據交通部於99年頒布的節能減碳規劃設計參考原則中的綠色工法，土方平衡與交換為減碳手段之一，也最常被廣泛使用。然而，究竟該如何計算評估其減碳效果?相關研究仍付之闕如。 本研究目標即是建立工程餘土平衡與交換之減碳效益評估模式，以計算個案工程達成土方平衡或進行交換時，其所獲致之減碳效益。本研究先參照國際碳排放評估規範與計算原則，針對國內工程餘土清運處理現況與特性，分別建立工程餘土平衡與工程交換之減碳效益評估模式，再透過個案案例與多種情境之分析，檢視本研究模式之適當性與可操作性。透過A工地案例計算，土方平衡確實具有減碳效益，且土方平衡的減碳效益會因為情境假設不同而有所差異。而透過B工地案例計算之結果顯示，土方交換則不一定具有減碳效益，從案例與情境假設之比較發現，當土方交換距離過長時可能會使得土方交換失去減碳效益。本研究所建立模式可供未來工程在計算其土方達成平衡或與他案工地進行交換時所獲致之減碳效益，能有較客觀的評估方式與計算依據。 ;It is estimated more than 30 millions cubic meters of construction surplus soils are generated each year in construction projects in Taiwan. The surplus soils are by regulation sent to legal sites for proper treatment or disposal. Their transportation causes environmental problems such as air pollution, noise, and energy consumption. Frome time to time, it also causes tranfic congestion and accidents. However, by proper planning and design, zero surplus soil of a construction project can be reached by balancing its cut and fill of the project. Also, by sending (exchanging) the generated surplus soil to the other construction project that needs soils can also contribute to alleviate the problems of air pollution, noise, and energy consumption. This reseach attempts to develop models for evaluating the carbon reduction by the balance and by the exchange of construction surplus soil respectively. Following the intenational regulations and guidelines for cabon resuction calculation, evaluation models are developed by taking into account the current practice of handeling construction surplus soils. The developed models are then tested in two case studies for its validity and feasibility. The case study A does show a result of carbon resuction by balncing a project’s surplus soils. However, case study B demonstrates that the exchange of a project’s construction surplus soil with the other can result in carbon reduction only if the distance between these two projects is within certain range. Analysis and results are reported in the thesis.
