| 摘要: | 我國邁入高齡化社會之後，對老人而言，最重要的就是養老資源是否有充足的移轉所得。在老人經濟保障上，國家雖然制訂了許多相關法規與政策，卻少有結合老人社會學的討論，而依然採取家庭中心主義，忽略社會政策與社會事實的密切關係。因此，本研究以文獻分析法、內容分析法與質性訪談法為研究方法，整理相關文獻、分析內政部中低收入老人生活津貼相關的訴願決定書，並訪談老人。試圖了解現實生活中養老資源的組成，以及老人落入貧窮的實際狀況與國家移轉中老人生活扶助的問題。 研究後提出三點結論：(1)家庭養老功能的下降突顯檢視老人經濟保障的急迫性；(2)老人福利津貼認知使用具有結構性限制；(3)老人生活扶助法制並不符合社會現實。最後，本文根據研究發現與結論，提供幾點政策上的建議：重視老人群體的歧異性以提高老人福利的可近性、建構老人福利津貼申請的單一行政窗口、現行津貼審查應採取實質認定、調整國家在老人經濟安全保障上的定位。期望國家能夠正視社會變遷對養老資源所帶來的種種衝擊，以及結構性的不平等，進而修正相關的政策與制度以落實老人經濟保障。;After Taiwan entered aging society, for the elderly, the most important issue is whether there is sufficient income transfer. Although there are a number of related regulations and policies about the elder economic security in Taiwan, but few combine social gerontology discussion, we still focus on familism, ignoring the close relationship between social policy and social facts. Therefore, this research applies content analysis and qualitative interviews as its methodology. The former is about the administrative appeal decisions of Ministry of the Interior about living allowance for mid or low-income senior citizens. The latter is about the interviews of three types of groups, first, the elderly, such as the general elderly, the near-poor elderly, and the mid or low-income elderly, second, the head of districts and last, the other related workers. With these materials, this research try to understand the composition of the pension resources in real life, the actual situation of elderly falling into poverty, and the issues about living support for the elderly of national transfer.
The thesis put forward three conclusions: (1) The decrease of family pension function reveal the urgency of surveying the elder economic security; (2) There are structural constraints to realize and apply for elderly welfare benefits; (3) The statutes of living support for the elderly is beyond social reality. Finally, according to the reaserch findings and conclusions, this thesis offers some policy recommendations as following: value the differences between the elderly groups to improve the accessibility of elderly welfare; construct single administrative service agency to facilitate the applying of elderly welfare benefits; the current investigation on elderly welfare benefits should in accordance with substantial recongnition principle; adjust the country′s view on economic security for the elderly. In summary, in order to carry out the elder economic security, it is hoped that the impact on pension resources and structural inequality from social change can be confronted, and the related policies and institutions can be revised. |
