| 摘要: | 近年來，隨著全球人口不斷攀升，工業化產業不斷增加，全球暖化及大自然環境日復一日地遭受破壞，世界各地天災數量在這世紀已增加近兩倍，近年來世界各國因極端氣候的影響蒙受重大的損失，根據聯合國開發計畫組織統計，全球天然災害損失於1960年代每年約755億美元，至2015年代已逼近每年損失2650億美元，50年來損失增加至3倍，且趨勢不斷增加。各國政府為了保護我們所生存的地球，紛紛開始提倡永續發展的理念。企業組織也由於政府政策的宣導與媒體的傳播，將永續理念導入企業經營中。永續供應鏈管理在近幾年來被許多學者進行研究的探討，而綠色供應商選擇和評估一直以來都是對於永續供應鏈管理來說為一個重大的挑戰。
本研究以三種效率指標，生產效益、環境效益和生態效益來做為綠色供應商選擇的一個決策訂定單位及評估指標。並將投入和產出等因素歸入產品生產，然而產品產出分為兩種不同產出，一種為良好產出；一種為不良產出，將兩者分別納入不同效益之考量，同時利用資料包絡分析法分別以三種不同的目標線性規劃模型來分析生產、環境和生態之效益權重，並將供應商輪流做為主角進行自我效益評估，以跟其他供應商進行比較。但是由於生態效益會因為較小之生產或環境效益影響，而忽略投入項和不良產出項之權重，使得生態效益值受到影響，會使值近似生產或環境其中之一值。為了避免此問題發生，並利用混合式效益模型合併三種效益之模型，以一個模型運算來求得各權重，同時消除會因為其中一種效益的權重大小而影響生態效益的因素，同時也能減少多個模型運算次數，藉此減少運算時間及資源，以資料包絡分析法的同時，也以交叉分析法找出最適之供應商來來進行排名遴選，以此達到整體供應鏈最大效益，以及經濟與環境兩者之間的平衡，進而達到永續發展。
;In recent years, as the global population continues to rise and industrialization industry in-creasing. Global warming and the natural environment is destructive day by day. The number of natural disasters around the world has increased nearly twice in this century. The world due to the impact of extreme weather has suffered heavy losses in recent years. According to the United Nations development program organization statistics, global natural disaster losses nearly $ 75.5 billion in 1960, and to 2015′s approaching loss of $ 265 billion per year, for 50 years the loss increases to 3 times. Governments in order to protect the Earth we live, have started to promote the concept of sustainable development. Because of media dissemination and advocacy of government policy, business organizations import the concept of sustainable development to the company. Sustainable supply chain management has been studied by many scholars to explore, and the green supplier selection and assessment is a major challenge for sustainable supply chain management.
In this study use three efficiency indicators, production efficiency, environmental effi-ciency and eco- efficiency for decision of green supplier selection and evaluation units set targets. And consider the inputs, outputs and other factors into production. However, the output is divided into two different outputs, one for good output as desirable output; one for the bad output as undesirable output that included in the effectiveness of different considera-tions. In the mean time, use data envelopment analysis for three different linear programming model to analysis the weight of production, environment and eco-efficiency, and a supplier as DMU to self- efficiency assessment and compare with other suppliers. However, the eco-efficiency values will affected by the smaller production or the environmental efficiency, it will ignore the weight of the input and undesirable output, and the eco-efficiency will make an approximate value of production or environment. To avoid this problem, using mix effi-ciency model to combine three different model, to find the weight by using only one model. It will not only eliminate the deviations of production and environment efficiency model, but also decrease the calculation of three models. In the same time, use cross analysis to select the best supplier to achieve the maximum efficiency of the whole supply chain and balance be-tween the economy and the environment, in order to achieve the sustainable development. |
