本論文討論馬達在不具有位置感測器的情況下，利用馬達的等效電感值 會受轉子位置影響之特性，來進行初始位置估測。當轉子在同一位置時，注入不同向量脈衝，所得之電流會因為等效電感的差異，得到有些微差異的電感充電曲線。利用此差異來估測轉子初始位置，而後利用所得位置資訊決定啟動向量命令。當馬達轉動後即產生反電動勢，便可依據換相估測電路所得之位置估測訊號進行換相。 此方法與其他無感測器啟動策略相比，大幅提升啟動成功率，系統成本 也比較低。一般使用位置感測器來進行轉子位置感測，如霍爾感測器、編碼器或解角器等，但其也會增加整體成本及體積。此外，位置感測器會受溫度、雜訊、結構脆弱或安裝不當等因素影響，此方法能減少系統體積、成本，並增加系統強健性。;This thesis discusses the initial rotor position estimation of motors without position sensors. This estimation method is based on the relation between the equivalent inductance and rotor position. When injecting different voltage vectors to the motor, the current responses of the motor winding with same rotor position will be different. After estimating the initial rotor position through the current response, we can select the corresponding start-up vector based on the estimated rotor position. The back electromotive force (EMF) will be produced by the rotation of the rotor. When the back EMF is big enough for rotor position estimation, we can obtain the voltage vector command from the commutation circuit. This method has higher success rate of start-up and lower system cost than other sensorless start-up methods. The rotor position is usually detected by position sensors, such as Hall sensor, encoder and resolver, which may increase cost and volume of system. Besides, position sensor will be affected by temperature, noise, weak structure and improper installation. This proposed method can avoid these problems and increase robustness of the system.
