亞洲開發中國家製造業之效率分析;An analysis of the efficiency of manufacturing industry in Asian developing countries.

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题名:	亞洲開發中國家製造業之效率分析;An analysis of the efficiency of manufacturing industry in Asian developing countries.
作者:	許芸淇;Hsu, Yun-Chi
贡献者:	企業管理學系在職專班
关键词:	開發中國家;效率分析;製造業;資料包絡分析法;Malmquist生產指數
日期:	2017-06-26
上传时间:	2017-10-27 13:11:17 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	在區域經濟整合趨勢之下，亞洲開發中國家的經濟快速成長。這些國家透過關稅減免、土地優惠、工資低廉的勞工、豐富自然資源等內部優勢，吸引各國企業前往當地設廠投資，在產業群聚效應下開發中國家已具備製造業生產等相關條件。然而，這些亞洲開發中國家各國的基礎不同，加上實施不同的經濟發展策略，造成各開發中國家經濟呈現兩極分化，各國的生產效率水準不一樣。本研究藉由資料包絡分析法，針對2008年至2014年間，亞洲30個開發中國家進行分析。並因其地理位置劃分為四個區域，以BCC模式計算各區域在製造業的效率值，接著利用麥氏指數分析各區域跨年度生產力變動情形。最後使用迴歸分析納入其他可能影響總體效率之相關因素，以了解影響因子與效率值之間關係。實證結果顯示，製造業效率表現最好區域的是東南亞，南亞其次、而西亞及中亞則位居第三及第四。從生產力變動角度分析，表現最好的區域是南亞，而最差的區域是東南亞。東南亞整體效率降低的主要原因為規模效率退步所導致，而南亞區域在技術效率及規模效率均有所增長，西亞與中亞整體效率進步主要來自技術進步所致。在迴歸分析下，效率值與研發投入及外國直接投資具有正向關係，與犯罪率具有負向關係。 ;In the regional economic integration trend, the emerging economies of Asia′s rapid growth. These emerging countries through tariff reductions, land concessions, low wages of labor, rich natural resources and other internal advantages to attract enterprises to invest in local factories. The emerging countries already have manufacturing and other related conditions in the industrial cluster effect. However, the fundamentals of countries and the implementation of different economic development strategies, resulting in the polarization of the economies of developing countries, the level of production efficiency is not the same. The study that is based on DEA (data envelopment analysis) presented by Farrell in 1957.We employ the BCC model and Malmquist productivity index to evaluate the efficiency of 30 developing countries in Asia and divided into four regions because of their geographical location during 2008 to 2014. In the BCC model, manufacturing efficiency is the best performance of the region is Southeast Asia, South Asia followed, while West Asia and Central Asia is ranked third and fourth. In Malmquist productivity index model, the best performing area is South Asia, and the worst is Southeast Asia. Southeast Asia due to scale efficiency degradation caused by the overall efficiency is reduced, while the South Asian region due to technical efficiency and scale efficiency have grown, Western Asia and Central Asia technological progress caused by efficiency . Under the correlation Analysis, efficiency has a positive relationship with R & D investment and foreign direct investment, and has a negative relationship with crime rate.
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