| 摘要: | 本研究針對太陽熱電發電系統，建構3D熱電模組模擬模型，除了探討在實時模擬中熱電模組的性能變化，並探討應用太陽選擇性塗層及熱平行堆疊時之系統之熱分析、發電情形及熱電轉換效率，並以使用軟體中之太陽表面與表面的輻射來模擬實時的熱電發電。在本研究之模擬中，除了探討太陽輻照度對於熱電模組的影響，亦探討太陽選擇性塗層對於系統接收面的吸熱影響，最後使用熱電晶片與晶片之間的熱平行堆疊提升整個系統的轉換效率。根據模擬結果，發現使用高吸收率、低發射率的太陽選擇性塗層可有效提升熱電發電系統的性能；而在邊界參數不變下，使用熱平行堆疊亦可有效提升系統之轉換效率，模擬中當使用11片熱電晶片的堆疊，可以達到8.3%的轉換效率。於實驗，本研究成功建構一個太陽熱電發電裝置，使用Fresnel lens聚光於有太陽選擇性塗層之熱電模組上，以量測系統效能。其實驗結果與模擬結果吻合，並驗證了熱平行堆疊法可有效提高系統之輸出電壓及轉換效率值。;The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance thermoelectric power generation systems, and to use solar-selective coating and thermally parallel stacking arrangement to improve the efficiency of power generation. In simulation, we built a model of a commercial thermoelectric module, TGM-199-1.4-1.5, simulated real-time power generation, and analyzed thermal effect of a solar thermoelectric generator (STEG). By using solar-selective coating materials with different absorptance and emittance, the thermal energy was varied absorbed by the system. Besides, by means of thermally parallel stacking arrangement, thermal energy can be transferred vertically downwards, making more efficient use of solar thermal energy. In the experiment, we successfully constructed a solar thermoelectric power generation system, with the treatments of solar-selective coating and thermally parallel stacking arrangement. The measured results agreed with the simulated ones.
According to the simulation results, it can be known that when a coating material with high absorptance and low emittance is used, the effective heat flux absorbed by the system can be increased, thereby increasing the open circuit voltage. According to the simulated and experimental results of the thermally parallel stacking arrangement, the more the number of stacked modules are, the higher the open circuit voltage is. Then, the conversion efficiency is also increased. The simulated results show that when 11 pieces of thermoelectric modules are stacked, the maximum output power is 0.71 W, and the conversion efficiency reaches 8.3%. |
