| 摘要: | 本研究探討交通死亡事故之肇事成本，以此提醒大眾應重視其嚴重性及交通安全。本研究使用2000年百萬人次抽樣檔「承保資料檔（ID）」中2013年的部分，得到最後投保日期之投保金額，並配合國民生命表、平均薪資成長率及公告利率，計算各年齡至65歲之勞動損失；醫療費用的部分，由「住院醫療費用清單明細檔（DD）」擷取交通事故欄位，再以交通死亡事故占交通事故之比例，作為交通死亡事故醫療費用之估計；載具損失的部分，參考陳高村、許志誠（2003）整理之平均財損，計算各年損失。最後將勞動損失、醫療花費和載具損失加總，以了解各年交通死亡事故之肇事成本。
研究結果顯示，以個人的損失而言，勞動損失金額皆為先微幅上升後下降，男性在48歲之前的勞動損失皆超過1,000萬，女性則為45歲之前。以整體的肇事成本而言，2010至2013年的各年交通事故醫療花費皆超過2,000萬元，尤以2011年約2895萬元(28,953,296元)為最高。各年勞動損失則以2010年約201.27億元（20,127,198,463元）為最高。載具損失的部分，以2011年約1億元（102,020,639元）為最高。2010年至2013年的各年肇事成本損失均大於165億元。其中，以2010年肇事成本占國內生產毛額之1.434‰為最高。
;This study explored the cost of traffic accidents to remind the public to pay attention on accidents.This study used registry for beneficiaries (IDfile)from National Health Insurance Research Database in 2013 to obtain the insured amount on the last insured date, and calculated the labor loss of different agein accordance with the National Life Table, the average salary growth rate and the announced interest rate. On the medical expenses, inpatient expenditures by admissions(DD file) was used to obtain the transportation accident columnand the medical expenses for each year. For the part of the vehicle loss, it was referredto Michael K. T. Chen and Chih-Cheng Hsu (2003), calculating the average financial loss. Finally, the labor loss, medical expenses and vehicle losses are summed up to understand the cost of the traffic accidents in each year.
The results of the study showed that, in terms of personal losses, the amount of labor losses had risen slightly and then declined. Men’s labor losses before the age of 48 were more than 10 million, while women were before 45years old. From the perspective of the whole cost, the medical expenses for traffic accidents in 2010 to 2013 were more than 20 million, especially in 2011, the expense was around 29 million. The highest labor loss was in 2010 and it was around 20.1 billion. The highest vehicle loss was at around 0.1billionin 2011. The cost of traffic accidents in 2010 to 2013 were all more than 16.5billion. Among them, the cost of traffic accidents in 2010accounted for of 1.434‰gross domestic product(GDP). |
