摘要 在此研究中，我們的目的為開發具非虹彩性光子晶體導電墨水，且具大面積塗佈的功能。為了明確定義何謂短程有序，我們透過穿透式X光顯微術以及同調X光散射重疊關聯影像顯微術，發現了藍黃金剛鸚鵡以及紅缳鳥的羽毛呈現高亮度非虹彩性的結構色，是因存在微米級多晶態光子晶體結構所導致。透過此仿生的概念我們提出利用電荷補丁(charge patch)原理，將導電高分子PEDOT:PSS摻雜進次微米聚苯乙烯膠體粒子形成在溶液態具有非虹彩性紅、綠、藍三元結構色。深入解於溶液態形成光子晶體的機理，我們使用了超小角度X光散射，發現聚苯乙烯膠體粒子形成核-殼結構並聚集成六方最密堆積光子晶體結構。在透過添加3wt%的聚乙二醇寡聚體於導電墨水，可誘導更多的微米級多晶態光子晶體產生，導致增加色彩亮度50%且保有非虹彩性質。此光子晶體溶液透過簡單塗佈或書寫可連續產生大面積光子晶體。因此可應用於電致變色以及藝術美學導電圖案等。 ;Abstract In this study, we purposed non-iridescent photonic crystal conductive inks. Feathers of blue-and-yellow macaw and ibis were investigated by synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy and coherent X-ray ptychography. Showing high brightness and non-iridescent colors of the feathers is caused by the existence of polycrystalline-type photonic crystal with several micrometer grain sizes. Inspired by the polycrystalline feature of the feathers, we utilized the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS doped into the submicron polystyrene colloidal suspension to form the photonic crystal with non-iridescent red, green and blue color, according to the charge patch principle. For understanding the crystallization mechanism of photonic crystal in the solution state, the PEDOT@ PS shell-core structure with hexagonal closed packing was found by ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering. Furthermore, we also found that the ink doping with 3wt% polyethylene glycol oligomer could increase ca. 50% brightness of structural colors but remaining the non-iridescent property, because the nucleation density of the polygrains of photonic crystals was increased. The photonic crystal ink can continuously fabricate the large-area non-iridescent colorful films for applications of wearable devices in electric-stimulated photonic crystals or artistic conductive photonic crystal patterns.
