| 摘要: | 本研究主要探討代工產業生產模式，代工依靠大量人力生產，人工作業來完成，目前許多相關作業由自動化機械手臂、自動運輸系統設備等來取代，已降低生產成本所需之費用，來面對大環境的不景氣。
鑑於OEM與ODM代工企業，主要取決於人力降低以及導入自動化系統，故本研究以個案公司大陸昆山廠為背景，探討個案公司於生產流程中，對產線組合段到包裝段製程運輸系統的流程改善，本研究採質性研究當中的個案研究法。個案公司經由第一次運輸系統導入發現到的問題包括 1.參與部門不完整； 2.專案導入無共識； 3.缺乏人員教育訓練； 4.欠缺擁有經驗的專案人員。進而在第二次運輸系統導入分別由組織面、系統面與執行面出發，探討運輸系統導入所帶來的效益，並以 Leavitt 鑽石模型(Diamond Model)為主要基礎架構，以分析運輸系統的導入的個案研究，研究結果發現，鑽石模型主張的任務、人員、技術、組織四個構面是彼此息息相關相互影響，各面向之改善對企業成效相應。
近年來由於中國大陸工資上漲、員工缺乏，導致許多需求大量人工的企業轉向更低價人工成本的地區或是投入自動化設備生產已降低人工成本。而個案公司的方向就是積極推動系統化、自動化，由於個案公司產線設備、產能、人力均不同，故在導入自動運輸系統，開始制定了標準生產流程，以及善用企業各項內外部相關資源，對外積極經營產學合作，對內與其他事業營運部門合作，有效掌握環境有利因素，讓企業的營運效率可以再往前進步，讓整個成本管控可以做得使企業更具競爭優勢。;The purpose of this study is to explore the production modules of foundry industry. The traditional foundry industry relies on a large number of manual operations to complete the production assignments. Hence, it is also a labor-intense industry. In recent years, however, there has been a rapid development of technology; a greater number of manual operations can be replaced by automated robotic arms, automated transportation system equipment, and etc... Therefore, is able to reduce the cost of production to confront with the recession of the environment, such as economic depression.
In Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) and Original Design Manufacturing (ODM), the critical keys are to reduce the manpower and also introduce automatic systems. Therefore, this research will use the case study of a company in Kunshan, China. With introducing into automatic systems at the first time, there were several challenges discovered, the following are important consideration: 1.The incomplete of the participating departments； 2.No consensus on the project introduction；3.Lack of employee training；4.Lack of professionals with the experience；Hence, the process of introducing into the transportation automatic system at second times. As far as we have concerned, the study focuses on the Leavitt Diamond Model as the main infrastructure, considering the aspects of the organizations, systems and execution to investigate the benefits brought by the introduction of the transportation automatic system. The findings of this research base on the main four aspects involve the task, personnel, technique and structure in the Leavitt Diamond Model, which have the close relationship. In other words, the main four aspects are able to affect each other. Therefore, the improvements in each aspect will have a positive effect in enterprises.
In the recent years, companies are moving into lower labor cost region or implement automation system due to labor cost increased and lack of manpower in China. According to the case study, the strategy involves teamwork, systematization, and automation. We need to define a standard operation procedure for automatic transportation system to leverage differentiation caused by facility, capacity, and manpower. Since, the operations of enterprise require the inseparable integration of each department. As the result, to increase the operational efficiency in company, cost control would give the enterprise more competitive advantage in the market. |
