| 摘要: | 工業4.0於2011年德國漢諾威工業博覽會上首次被提出，並在短時間內得到德國政府、企業、研究機構的認同，並將工業4.0定義為新一輪的工業革命。2013年德國政府更將工業4.0定義為國家戰略來重點發展，利用德國在硬體上的優勢，高度整合資訊通信技術為製造業帶來的重大突破，使德國企業能夠在新一輪變革中，保持持續世界領先的優勢。同屬製造領域第一梯隊的美國，在2008年全球金融危機後，也深知製造業對於國家發展的重要性，在2011年也提出了工業互聯網的概念，利用美國在軟體上的優勢，整合雲計算及大數據提供給企業更深入的數據分析及決策判斷依據。
隨著全球化的快速演進，中國大陸的改革開放，中國製造業在近三十年的高速發展，中國大陸經濟已經進入”新常態”相關產業結構面臨調整，製造業面臨許多困境：自主創新能力弱及核心技術對外依存度高、產品質量欠佳、資源利用效率偏低及環保問題嚴重、產業結構不合理及管理出現瓶頸，企業生存面臨重大挑戰，新一輪企業轉型勢在必行。個案企業創立至今約40年，在中國發展近26年，經歷了資通訊產業高速發展、大陸人口紅利、外企併購、亞洲金融危機、中西企業文化融合、全球疫情導致供應鏈斷鏈危機等多個階段的挑戰，透過個案企業實際施行案例對比德國工業4.0的理論實踐路徑，我們來審視個案企業如何克服以上種種困難，同時提供給其他正處於轉型路上的企業一些方向指引，也給即將面臨此轉型過程的開發中國家提供一些法律法規的制定及政策方向規劃。;Industry 4.0 was submitted for the first time at the 2011 Hannover Industrial Expo in Germany, and the level was not recognized by the German government, enterprises and research institutions within a short period of time. It is difficult to define industry 4.0 as the newly formed industrial revolution.
In 2013, the German government defined Industry 4.0 as a national strategy to focus its development. By taking advantage of Germany′s advantages in hardware and highly integrating the major breakthroughs brought by INFORMATION and communication technologies to manufacturing industry, German enterprises can maintain their world-leading advantages in the new round of reform.
After the global financial crisis in 2008, the United States, which is also in the first echelon of the manufacturing sector, also understood the importance of manufacturing for national development. In 2011, the United States also put forward the concept of industrial Internet to integrate cloud computing and big data to provide enterprises with more in-depth data analysis and decision-making basis.
Along with the rapid evolution of globalization, China′s reform and opening up, China′s manufacturing industry in the past 30 years, the rapid development of mainland China review has "new normal" related to industry is facing adjustment, but also many manufacturing dilemma: weak independent innovation ability and external dependence high heart technology, product quality defects, low utilization efficiency of resources and environmental protection industry it doesn′t matter, the serious problem of partial unreasonable bottle lining and management appeared, enterprise survival faces a major challenge, a new round of corporate transformation is imperative.
Solution enterprise founded to now, about 40 years, nearly 26 years development in China, has experienced the communications industry rapid development, China demographic dividend, foreign mergers and acquisitions, the Asian financial crisis, Chinese and western enterprise culture integration, the global outbreak, and other challenges, break the chain of supply chain crisis through a solution enterprise execution path case 4.0 contrast to Germany′s industrial practice, let′s examine case or more enterprises how to overcome difficulties, to provide other companies some direction on the road, is in transition to some developing countries will face the transition planning laws and regulations and policy direction. |
