| 摘要: | 《氣候緊急時代來了》（Wallace-Wells, 2020）曾提出警告！
「我們是第一個看到氣候惡化的一代，也是最後一個有機會補救的一代。」 ，意味著人類必須立即採取行動，遏止氣候暖化與自然環境丕變。
臺灣社會邁向民主發展成熟階段，民眾參與環境政策，已是時勢所趨，本論文透過個案研究與參與式觀察，以LASS (Location Aware Sensing System，簡稱LASS)開源公益環境感測社群，作為研究對象。LASS社群是國內倡議「公民參與式感測」的領頭羊，以「自己的環境自己救」的觀點，號召公民自主性參與PM2.5微感測計畫，協助政府發掘空氣汙染源，改善空氣品質，並影響政府政策，開始重視微感測站建置。但研究發現政府建置數量雖大幅提升，LASS社群的公民參與率卻不增反減，最大的關鍵在於缺乏誘因機制與資訊平台的回饋。
如何提昇民眾對環境感測的熱度，針對現行計畫缺口，研究者提出「使用者聚合環境監控概念性架構」 (Joint User Environmental Monitoring System, JEMS)， JEMS是基於「區塊鏈」與「智能合約」技術的新應用，透過誘因機制，民眾協助環境改善，能獲得實質的利潤與資訊回饋，藉以提升民眾參與「環境監控」的意願，並提出LBS (Location-Based Services)行銷技術觀點，擴大微感測站建置密度與擴大影響性，論文內容並透過軟硬體實作，驗證JEMS概念性的可行性。
JEMS概念性架構也正符合，近年來政府提倡的 「社會企業」與「社會創新」理念，我們透過智能合約，結合政府的環保空汙費回饋機制，將參與者產生的綜效回饋給所有貢獻者，運用感測數據來改變世界，創造政府、業者與民眾三贏的市場機制，建構公平客觀的環境監控系統，達成改善環境的目的。
;In his The Uninhabitable Earth, David Wallace-Wells sounds the alarm that, “...if the planet was brought to the brink of climate catastrophe within the lifetime of a single generation, the responsibility to avoid it belongs with a single generation, too.” It urges that immediate action has to be taken in order to control climate change and following natural impacts.
Since Taiwanese society is developing a more mature democracy, people are more eager to engage in environmental policy. The thesis focuses on Location Aware Sensing System (LASS) through a case study and participant observation. As a leader in the field of participatory sensing system, LASS proposes the idea of “Saving our environment on our own.” It encourages participatory PM2.5 monitoring, helps government analyze potential sources of air pollution, and thus improves air quality. However, while government accepts the idea and increases monitoring stations, the rate of public participation is declining. Main factors can be lack of incentives and feedbacks from the information platform.
In response to the current shortcoming, the study proposes “Joint User Environmental Monitoring System, JEMS” and a marketing idea of “Location-Based Services.” JEMS is a new technical application based on blockchain and smart contracts. Through providing strong incentives, such as receiving profits or informative feedback, people will be willing to help improve environment. The marketing idea of LBS can further increase monitoring stations and their impacts. The thesis also examines the feasibility of JEMS by applying both software and hardware in practice.
The conceptual framework of JEMS corresponds to the ideas of “Social Enterprise” and “Social Innovation” promoted by government in recent years. Through smart contracts and rewards programs, sensing system can not only create benefits to government, companies, and the public, it also sets up an objective monitoring network to supervise and improve environment. |
