| 摘要: | 由於工業技術的進步及日常生活水準的提高，使得一些電子、電機、資訊及通訊等電器設備急劇增加，這些電器設備所產生的高密度電磁波已形成一個新的公害問題，包括電器線路本身散發電磁輻射以及其接收外界傳來的電磁輻射。電磁波干擾所形成的問題，隨著電器產品的朝向小體積、高功能、低功率與低電位發展而更趨嚴重。一般傳統電磁波干擾防護措施，大多採用銀、銅等高導電電磁屏蔽材料，但已無法因應輕、薄且客製化設計的需求，藉由積層製造技術的引入，使得生產變得有客製化及製作複雜外型輪廓、輕質等特性，具有相當大的發展潛力。本文結合積層製造技術(Additive Manufacturing, AM)與石墨烯聚乳酸材料進行田口方法分析，得到電磁防護材料的拉伸強度及電磁波屏蔽效果。
綜合上述，本研究是利用熔融沉積成型技術(Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM)列印不同導電聚乳酸(Polylactic acid )線材，內容分為二部分：第一部分是以石墨烯聚乳酸為3D列印材料，藉由列印設備能控制的範圍內獲得最佳拉伸強度。本實驗製程參數為噴頭溫度、噴頭移動速度、層厚大小，以田口式實驗設計，採L4直交表進行實驗，並且利用變異數分析(Analysis of variance, ANOVA)尋找影響結果較顯著的控制因子。經由實驗結果，在機械強度方面由品質特性反應表的S/N反應圖顯示出，最佳之組合為噴嘴速度40mm/s、噴嘴溫度240°C、層厚大小0.15mm，該參數獲得拉伸強度31.88 MPa為最佳値。經由變異數分析找出顯著控制因子，顯著控制因子影響強度的貢獻度最大，參數包含噴嘴溫度、層厚大小。比對品質特性反應表最佳化分析與ANOVA所得參數最佳化組合的結果相同，如此可確保實驗準確性。第二部分為電磁波屏蔽效果探討，量測鋁片、聚乳酸及含有石墨烯、銅的聚乳酸做屏蔽電磁效果比較，在儀器頻率範圍30Hz~300Hz下量測變壓器得知，以聚乳酸為基底摻雜不同材料且在相同距離情況下，屏蔽效果為石墨烯>銅>純聚乳酸，隨著鋁片厚度增加，屏蔽效果增加。最後，提出可能改進的建議及未來的應用。
;Due to the advancement of industrial technology and the improvement of the level of daily life, some electrical equipment such as electronics, motors, information and communications have increased dramatically. The high-density electromagnetic waves generated by these electrical equipment have formed a new pollution problem, including the electromagnetic radiation of electrical circuits themselves. Radiation and its reception of electromagnetic radiation from the outside world. The problems caused by these electromagnetic interferences become more and more serious as the electrical products develop towards small size, high function, low power and low potential. The general traditional electromagnetic wave interference protection measures mostly use silver, copper and other highly conductive electromagnetic shielding materials, but they have been unable to respond to the needs of light, thin and customized designs. With the introduction of laminated manufacturing technology, production has become customized And the characteristics of making complex outlines and light weight have considerable development potential. In this paper, the additive manufacturing technology (Additive Manufacturing, AM) and graphene polylactic acid material are used to analyze the Taguchi method, and the strength of the electromagnetic protection material and the electromagnetic wave shielding effect are obtained.
To sum up the above, this study used Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) to print different conductive polylactic acid (Polylactic acid) wires. The content is divided into two parts: The first part is PLA (Conductive Graphene Filament) for 3D printing The material can get the best tensile strength within the controllable range of printing equipment. The parameters of this experimental process are the nozzle temperature, nozzle moving speed, and the thickness of the layer. The Taguchi experiment design is adopted, and the L4 orthogonal table is used for the experiment. The ANOVA variation analysis is used to find the control factors that have more significant effects.According to the experimental results, the mechanical properties are shown in the S/N reaction chart of the quality characteristic reaction table. The best combination is nozzle speed 40mm/s, nozzle temperature 240°C, and layer thickness 0.15mm. The strength of 31.88 MPa is the best value. Through the analysis of variance, the significant control factors are found. The significant control factors have the largest contribution to the intensity. The parameters include nozzle temperature and layer thickness. The results of the optimized analysis of the comparison quality characteristic response table and the optimized combination of parameters obtained by the ANOVA variation analysis are the same, which can ensure the accuracy of the experiment. The second part is the discussion of electromagnetic wave shielding effect. The measurement of aluminum foil, polylactic acid and polylactic acid containing graphene and red copper is used to compare the electromagnetic shielding effect. The transformer is measured in the frequency range of 30Hz~300Hz. When the substrate is doped with different materials and the same distance, the shielding effect is graphene>red copper>pure polylactic acid. As the thickness of the aluminum sheet increases, the shielding effect increases. Finally, put forward suggestions for possible improvements and future applications.
Keywords: Graphene, Additive Manufacturing, Fused Deposition Modeling, Taguchi method
Electromagnetic shielding |
