| 摘要: | 摘要
由全球暖化所致的氣溫升高和極端氣候正影響著世界各地，再過往的數十年中，人們已經投入許多努力來抑制這些影響並期望達成永續發展。身為經濟體中的一員面對著全球人口上升和天然資源耗竭的情況，農作栽種及糧食安全成了我們生活中重要的議題。魚菜共生透過魚類與植作所形成的養分循環減少了農藥及肥料的使用，進而形成了一種創新的永續農業經營方式，透過結合再生能源的電力供應則更能將其永續發展性向上提升。利用再生能源結合魚菜共的開發生雖已有部分學者嘗試進行，但實際的成效仍屬有限，即使再生能源對生態、經濟和科技發展皆有所助益，考量到科技應用的高成本及完整生命週期的操作配置，能源的裝置規畫仍須透過完整的評估後方能來實現。
本研究透過分析氣象數據及太陽輻射、風速、能源需求和溫室構造等能源相關因素建立能源混成模型，在實驗規劃時間內依據能源之變動需求及各供應來源之不同特性，以最大化太陽能及風力發電量為目標，利用混合整數規劃來找尋整體能源混成系統的最佳太陽能光電陣列規模、風機數量及儲能設備容量。所述之數學規劃將透過在越南富國島上經營農場的成功魚菜共生案例作執行驗證，依循實務的解決方案提升再生能源的供給與儲能效率，並進而使魚菜共生結合太陽能及風力發電來達成更長遠的永續發展為本研究之主要貢獻。本文之主要貢獻包括提高可再生能源服務和儲存效率的現實解決方案，使得魚菜共生在整合太陽能與風能方面更具永續性。並且藉由可再生能源和傳統能源之間的平衡比例，本研究以最小的年度成本決定了最佳混合能源系統規模。因此，農民或投資者可以評估他們每年能夠承受的投資額。同時，碳稅代表環境因素，較高的單位碳稅將會影響溫室氣體的排放量並激勵更多可再生能源的使用。而為了達到永續魚菜共生系統，上述的發現不只是本研究的主要結果，亦指出了可再生能源在未來需要克服儲存成本的負擔，期望其可降低價格，以促進在整個系統中實現100%的可再生能源使用。;Abstract
Rising temperatures and extreme weather events are passing around the world as the result of global warming. During the decades, people have implemented many efforts to mitigate these impacts and achieve sustainable development. Be the parts of the economic sector, agricultural cultivation and food security have become emergent issues because of the growing population and exhaustion of natural resources. Aquaponics is innovative in sustainable agricultural cultivation, in which fish and plants create the nutrient cycle to mitigate sewage and fertilizers usage. Enhancing the sustainability of aquaponics encourages the integration of renewable energy (RE) to power the entire system. Scholars have started designing and assessing RE applications in aquaponics, but their contributions are still not much. Although RE benefits ecology, economy, and technology development, energy capacity planning requires a comprehensive evaluation because of the high investment cost and long-time operation.
This research analyzes meteorology data and related energy issues such as solar radiation, wind speed, power demand, and greenhouse structure to model the hybrid energy system (HES). In this context, the objective is to optimize electricity generation from solar and wind energy and adapt to the changing power demand and energy sources during the planning period. Concerning HES, a mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) will determine the optimal solar array size, the units of wind generator, and storage system capacity. Besides, the proposed mathematical programming model will be executed on a successful aquaponics farm in Phu Quoc island, Vietnam. Main contributions accommodate the realistic solution for enhancing RE serving and storage efficiency, making aquaponics more sustainable in integrating solar and wind energy. This study determines the optimal HES size with minimal annual costs thanks to the balanced ratio between renewable and conventional energy. Farmers or investors, thus, can evaluate the investment they can afford annually. Meanwhile, carbon tax represents the environmental factor, affecting the GHG emissions emitted and motivating more RE use along with higher unit carbon tax. To achieve sustainable aquaponic systems, these findings above are the main outcomes but also indicate the future of RE that need to overcome the burden of storage cost and expect the price reduction, facilitate the penetration and reach 100% RE use in the entire system. |
