| 摘要: | 近年台灣因少子化及人口老化的趨勢，導致勞動力劇減，嚴重衝擊經濟發展。我國工作年齡人口在2015 年已達最高峰，今後有減無增。各行各業面臨工作人口減少，大多仰賴引進外來人力，或是改善生產流程加以因應，不然產業成長必受衝擊。
個案公司為傳統膠帶製造業，在台灣成立已逾50 年，員工人數約495 人，
直接人力人數約233 人，人員平均年齡45~50 歲，佔總員工人數之47%。直接勞動力關係著產出效率，隨著直接人工年齡的增加，體力的負荷也日益減損。因此個案公司評估分析現有工作的流程，以改善現有以人工為主的流程，評估增加自動化設備，以減少人力投入，增加生產效率，穩定產品品質。
膠帶的製造流程中有製膠、上膠塗佈、烘乾、捲曲，加工分條裁切與包裝
等工作階段，從上述工作站別評估分析，膠帶製造流程中，原布塗佈油膠經烤箱烘乾完後，於捲曲段進行膠帶收捲作業，因膠帶半成品材基大且有相當重量，上膠機台連續式生產，人員需定時將膠帶半成品穿入鐵架製具，此作業要投入大量的體力。
本研究以企業流程管理 (Business Process Management，BPM)為理論基礎，運用ARIS 整合資訊系統架構(Architecture for Integrated Information Systems，ARIS)分析個案現有生產流程，建立As-Is 與To-Be 作業模式，進行流程差異之比較。從研究結果得知自動化加速效率，也改善人力不足之現狀，個案公司未來也逐步建構智慧工廠以網路連
結生產設施，人機協作、提高效能，讓製造流程最優化，將傳統工廠從「自動化」中數位轉型智慧製造，朝向工業4.0 為依歸。;In recent years, the declining birthrate and aging population in Taiwan have led to a dramatic reduction in the labor force, which has severely impacted economic development.
Working age population of Taiwan reached its peak in 2015, and will continue to decline in the future. Every industry faces a shortage of labor and most of them need to introduce
foreign labors or to improve their production processes.
A conventional adhesive tape manufacturer, which has been established in Taiwan for more than 50 years, is discussed in this study. The total number of employees is 495,
including 233 direct labors with average age around 45~50 years old. Since manufacture efficiency is related to direct labor′s physical loading and decrease with labor age increase, the company analyzes the existing manual-based producing processes and evaluates to setup automatic equipment to improve efficiency and quality stability.
The manufacturing process of tape can be divided into many work steps: adhesive polymerization/mixing, adhesive coating on carrier film, oven drying, winding/rewinding,
slitting/cutting and packaging. By evaluate and analysis of above steps, the most physical loading workstation is located at moving winded semi-finished tape log rolls into metal storage frame. Labors need to handle heave log rolls periodically and continuously through the whole coating and winding process.
On the theory basis of BPM (Business Process Management), this study uses the ARIS (Architecture for Integrated Information Systems) methods to analyze the existing production process of the case company, build-up As-Is and To-Be operation modes, and compare the differences of the process. From this research, we know that automation will improve efficiency and performance, and solve labor shortage problem in conventional labor-intensive industry. In the future, the case company will gradually build a smart factory by connecting production facilities through network, human robot collaboration, and optimization of the manufacturing process. Using "automation" to help traditional factory transform towards the goal of wisdom manufacturing and industry 4.0. |
