| 摘要: | 過去的研究大多以客家女性為主要研究對象，客家父親的親子教養上往往被忽略了，傳統客家文化對父親角色的認知，祭拜祖先、孝順、服從、節儉、傳宗接代，隨著世代的不同，父親教養子女的角色，也漸漸的被重視，有國外研究優秀的子女背後都會有一位好父親，在上一世代裡父親的角色只是賺錢養家，教養子女都落在母親身上，而在新世代裡父親教養子女的方式與角色也有所轉變，在新世代的客家父親如何將客家傳統的精神與對客家族群的認同塑造一個父親的角色，父親的參與在子女成長過程中，經歷子女不同成長階段，父親需隨著子女發展階段，在性格上的變化給予不同的教養方式，進而達到良好的親子關係。
本研究主要探討客家父親教養態度在世代間的異同裡，是否還保有客家族群的文化，以文獻探討中的教養態度為研究基礎，針對35~65歲客籍父親為訪談對象，以實際訪談之質性研究方式進行。父親在教養子女時的行為規範、期待、親子經營與互動對客家族群父親有什麼世代間的異同，隱含在這些行為特質後面的信念、態度與價值觀，有什麼相互關聯與整合，在世代間父親教養方式的概念，也有許多相似相異的解釋，如管教方式、管教態度或教養態度。而本研究綜合以上理論說詞認為，父親教養子女時的情緒氣氛、孩子的依附關係、兩難局面的危機處理、文化、族群間的差異，都可深入探討世代的不同，使得客家父親教養態度有那些改變，而改變的因素或保留那些傳統的文化，都是研究生想要深入探討的議題。
;Most studies in the past have focused on Hakka women, and the parenting attitudes of Hakka fathers have often been neglected. The traditional Hakka culture perceives the role of fathers as ancestor worship, filial piety, obedience, frugality, and succession. With the change of generations, the role of fathers in raising children has been gradually emphasized. Some foreign studies have shown that outstanding children have a good father behind them. In the previous generation, the role of fathers was only to earn money to support the family, and the role of raising children was left to mothers. In the new generation, the way and role of fathers in raising their children has changed. How do Hakka fathers bring the spirit of Hakka tradition and identification with the Hakka community to shape the role of a father? Fathers are involved in their children′s development through the different stages of their children′s growth. Fathers need to follow the developmental stages of their children and give them different parenting styles in order to achieve a good parent-child relationship.
This study mainly explores whether Hakka fathers still retain the culture of the Hakka group in the similarities and differences between generations in their parenting attitudes. The study was based on the research of parenting attitudes in the literature and the interviews were conducted with the 35-to 65-year-old Hakka fathers. It was conducted by means of actual interviews. What are the generational differences and similarities between Hakka fathers in terms of behavioral norms, expectations, parent-child management, and interactions in raising their children? What are the interrelationships and integration of beliefs, attitudes, and values lie behind these behavioral traits? There are also many similarities and differences in the intergenerational of the concept fathering styles between generations, such as disciplinary styles, disciplinary attitudes, or parenting attitudes. This study synthesizes these theories and concludes that the emotional ambience of fathers′ parenting, children′s attachment, crisis management of dilemmas, cultural and ethnic differences can be explored in depth. What are the factors of changes? What traditional cultures are preserved? These are all issues that the graduate student would like to explore in depth. |
