| 摘要: | 當今氣候變遷的問題，人類大量燃燒化石燃料、過度開墾樹林及工業上的發展，造成溫室氣體的濃度上升，導致全球暖化的急遽加速。面對環境問題，各國政府、企業紛紛制定相關協議、公約，期望經濟、環境與社會三方面達成平衡，朝永續發展持續邁進。為降低溫室氣體的排放，使用再生能源取代現有電力來源成為各國發展的目標，其中又以太陽能和風能為發展主力。現今，太陽能板的應用除了舖設在地面外，也能因應建築物的外觀進行鋪設。建築整合型太陽能板（Building Integrated Photovoltaic ，BIPV）是使用太陽能板取代傳統建築材料的一種應用方式，使建築物本身成為一個大型發電站。然而在物流方面，由於電子商務的業務廣泛，導致倉庫容量和數量不斷增加。供應鏈中倉儲活動所排放的溫室氣體約占全球物流部門溫室氣體排放總量的11%（Dohery 等人，2009）。為將再生能源融入至倉儲中心當中，本研究將透過BIPV應用至倉儲中心當中，利用BIPV能鋪設在建築物本體的特性應用至倉儲中心以及周圍道路空地，達到30%綠能目標。
本研究針對儲存區使用堆高機以及AS/RS系統之兩種不同倉儲中心的用電量，利用最佳化模型尋找友達單晶太陽能板、輕量化太陽能板、儲能裝置與購電之最佳數量組合，使其達到最小化成本並且使用再生能源30%的目標。結果顯示，第一種倉儲中心（使用堆高機存放貨物）需花費15,424,800元。第二種倉儲中心儲藏區（使用AS/RS系統存放貨物）則需花費8,209,080元。然而，現階段儲能裝置價格過高，因此本研究也考慮不使用儲能裝置情形下，最大化舖設太陽能板數量，滿足每期倉儲中心用電量的同時，將多餘的綠電轉賣給台電，不夠則進行購買。結果表明，在這樣的條件下，第一種倉儲所需花費的成本只需原本的25%，而第二種倉儲只需原本成本的60%。因此，研究結果鼓勵倉儲中心以最大化舖設太陽能板數量，不僅可以減少夏季電費負擔，也幫助倉儲中心業者加速回收鋪設太陽能板的投入資金。
關鍵字：永續發展、再生能源、倉儲中心、建築整合太陽能板、儲能規劃
;In today′s climate change, human burns fossil fuels, over-cultivated forests, and industrial development, increasing greenhouse gases and rapid global warming. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, using renewable energy has become the development goal of various countries. Solar panels are not only installed off the ground but also integrated into the building envelope as part of the building structure, known as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), making the building itself a large power station. However, in terms of logistics, due to the extensive business of e-commerce, the capacity and quantity of warehouses are constantly increasing. Warehousing activities contribute roughly 11% of the total GHG emissions generated by the logistics sector across the world (Dohery et al, 2009). To integrate renewable energy into warehouses, the study will apply BIPV to warehouses, be integrated into the characteristics of building envelopes. It can reduce warehouse carbon emissions and achieve green warehouses.
Based on the electricity consumption of two different warehouses, this study uses an optimization model to find the solar panels, batteries and electricity, to minimize costs and use 30% of renewable energy. The results showed that the first type of warehouse (using forklifts to store goods) cost $15,424,800. The second type of storage center warehouse (using the AS/RS system to store goods) will cost 8,209,080. However, the price of the battery is too high. This study considers another situation isn’t using the battery. Maximizing the number of solar panels installed to meet the electricity consumption of each phase of the storage center and resell the electricity to Tai-power. The cost of the first storage is only 25% of the original, and the second storage is only 60% of the original. Therefore, the results encourages warehouse to maximize the number of solar panels installed, which can reduce the electricity bills in summer, as helps warehouse owner to accelerate the recovery of the investment in laying solar panels.
Keywords: Sustainable Development, Renewable Energy, Warehouse, Building Integrated Photovoltaic, Storge System |
