白血病抑制因子(LIF)和凝血酶受體(PAR1)與鼻咽癌的惡化有關。已經有文獻報導 LIF、 PAR1這兩者的過表現會促使鼻咽癌癌細胞的生長、侵犯以及轉移，鼻咽癌病人血 清與腫瘤組織中LIF的高表現量與較差的預後有關。由次世代定序的分析結果顯示LIF影 響PAR1訊息傳導路徑。本研究目的是要瞭解這LIF與PAR1相互關係以及對細胞功能上 的影響。在此研究中，我們發現LIF透過LIFR去活化PAR1與其下游訊號分子，包含mTOR、 SRC、 p70S6k以及活化型YAP1的表現量，而LIF的刺激促使鼻咽癌細胞型態上轉化成梭 狀細長型且細胞爬行能力增強。利用PAR1抑制劑Vorapaxar抑制受LIF刺激而活化的 PAR1及YAP1訊息傳導路徑，而其導致的生物效應包含細胞的萎縮及細胞爬行能力低落， 證明了PAR1會參與LIF對YAP1刺激的訊息傳遞。 綜合以上結果，本研究闡明在鼻咽癌腫瘤細胞中LIF透過刺激PAR1進而促進細胞移 動的能力並影響YAP1訊息傳導，說明LIF除了透過LIFR影響下游分子外，亦會透過PAR1 執行複雜生物效應，進一步瞭解LIF於鼻咽癌的惡性化的分子機轉與對鼻咽癌細胞功能 的影響。;Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression. It has been reported that overexpression of LIF and PAR1 can enhance NPC tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Further, higher levels of LIF in the serum and tumor tissues of NPC patients are correlated with poorer prognosis. Our previous next-generation sequencing (NGS) data revealed that LIF induced expressions of a gene set involved in PAR1 signaling pathway. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the regulatory network between LIF and PAR1. We found that LIF stimulation activated PAR1 and its downstream signaling molecules, including mTOR, SRC, p70S6K, and YAP1 through LIF receptor (LIFR). Functionally, LIF stimulation in NPC cells induced a spindle-like appearance and an enhanced cell mobility. Usage of a PAR1 antagonist, Vorapaxar, suppressed LIF-mediated effects on the activation of PAR1 and YAP1 signaling pathways, resulting in cell shrinkage and reduced cell mobility. These data showed that PAR1 plays a role in LIF-mediated biological effects in NPC. Together, this study reveals that LIF activates PAR1 signaling through LIFR and further clarifies the LIF-mediated regulatory network in NPC progression.
