| 摘要: | 本研究以臺灣地區八家公股銀行(包括臺灣銀行、臺灣土地銀行、合作金庫商業銀行、第一商業銀行、華南商業銀行、彰化商業銀行、兆豐國際商業銀行、臺灣中小企業銀行)作為研究對象，研究期間為2018 年至2021 年銀行營運資料，探討數位金融發展對於八家公股銀行經營效率之影響，首先選取銀行經營效率之投入及產出項，投入項為存款、利息費用、用人費用;產出項為放款、利息收入、手續費收入。進一步採用資料包絡分析法得出效率值，再以Tobit迴歸模型，研究推動數位金融發展對八家公股銀行經營效率之影響。
藉由Tobit 迴歸分析資料顯示，以數位存款帳戶數、電子支付使用者人數、電子支付實收交易金額、信用卡有效卡數、收單特約商店家數之五項評估影響變數，研究結果發現「信用卡有效卡數」對於銀行整體經營效率呈現顯著正相關，「電子支付實收交易金額」對於純技術效率有顯著正相關，表示透過線上交易普及化使得電子支付實收交易金額有顯著成長，而「數位存款帳戶數」、「電子支付使用者人數」「收單特約商店家數」對於銀行整體經營效率未有顯著影響，公股銀行在於推動數位金融發展上仍有努力空間，若要提升「電子支付使用者人數」，應增加電子支付服務使用的場域以及擴大異業結盟生態圈營運模式，提高客戶使用意願，而在於公股銀行推動「數位存款帳戶數」成長，應強化提供更多線上金融交易服務，以提升公股銀行在於推動數位金融發展民眾使用接受度。;This study takes eight state-owned banks in Taiwan (including Bank of Taiwan, Land Bank of Taiwan, Taiwan Cooperative Bank, First Commercial Bank, Hua Nan Commercial
Bank, Chang Hwa Commercial Bank, Mega International Commercial Bank, and Taiwan Business Bank) as the research object. The research sample is the bank operation data
from 2018 to 2021, and the impact of digital financial development on the operating efficiency of eight state-owned banks is discussed. First, the input and output items of
bank operating efficiency are selected, and the input items are deposits, interest expenses, and employment expenses.The output items are loans, interest income, and fee income. Furthermore, the data envelopment analysis method was used to obtain the efficiency value, and then the Tobit regression model was used to study the impact of promoting the development of digital finance on the operating efficiency of eight state-owned banks.
According to the data of Tobit regression analysis, five factors are evaluated include the number of digital deposit accounts, the number of electronic payment
users, the actual transaction amount of electronic payment, the number of valid credit cards, and the number of franchised stores. The research results found that "the
number of valid credit cards" has a significant positive correlation with the overall operating efficiency of the bank, and "the transaction amount received by electronic
payment" has a significant positive correlation with the pure technical efficiency. The results indicating that through the popularization of online transactions, the
transaction amount received by electronic payment has grown significantly , and the "number of digital deposit accounts", "number of electronic payment users", and
"number of franchised stores" had no significant impact on the overall operating efficiency of the bank. The results of the study found that state-owned banks still have
room for improvement in promoting the development of digital finance. To increase the "number of users of electronic payment", it is necessary to increase the use of electronic payment services and expand the business model of the cross-industry alliance ecosystem, so as to increase the willingness of customers to use them. The provision of more online financial transaction services should be strengthened to enhance the public acceptance of state-owned banks to promote the development of digital finance. |
