隨著世界經貿自由發展，臺灣在全球產業鏈中擔任不可或缺的角色。研發與出口對於國內經濟成長有著舉足輕重的地位。本研究使用2000年至2020年臺灣製造業上市櫃公司資料，除了探討出口和研發和企業成長的關聯性，還考量了這兩項因素與廠商規模及廠商年齡之間的交互作用。由普通最小平方法的估計結果發現，廠商規模與廠齡和公司成長之間存在U型關係；研發支出較多、勞動生產力較高的公司，其員工成長率顯著較高，出口則不是影響公司成長的主要因素。在控制廠商固定效果後，研發支出對公司員工成長則有負向顯著的影響，這意味著企業擁有更多創新活動時，會減緩其對人力的需求；而出口在廠商內部也出現了顯著正向作用，顯示龐大的全球市場將成為企業成長的動力。在中介效果方面，研發對於企業成長的正向影響大部分是來自於出口及廠齡的強化效果；相反地，廠商規模則不是影響研發帶動成長的主要中介因素。最後，不論是依據廠商規模或廠齡區分的子樣本皆顯示，研發和出口的交互作用對促進成長有顯著的影響；而廠齡所扮演的中介角色仍然比廠商規模來的重要。;Along with global economy and trade liberalization, Taiwan plays an indispensable role in the global industrial chain. Domestic economic growth is highly dependent on R&D expenditures and exports. Based on panel dataset from Taiwan manufacturing listed company for the 2000–2020 period, this study examines not only the direct influences of R&D expenditures and exports on firm growth but also the interactions between these two factors and firm size and firm age. We found both firm age and firm size have a U-shaped relationship with firm growth. Small and young firms are found grow faster. OLS estimation indicated that R&D expenditures and labor productivity have significant positive effect on firm growth, while export is may not a potential driver stimulating employment growth. By contrast, the estimate on R&D expenditures is significant negative after controlling for firm fixed effects, suggesting that technological progress will make companies reduce the demand for employees, exports shows 10% significant positive. Regarding the mediation, most of the positive impact of R&D expenditures on firm growth comes from the complementary effects of exports and firm age, however, firm size is not the main mediator. Finally, we observe that interaction of R&D expenditures and exports is enhancing growth for firms of all size and age groups.
