| 摘要: | 電刺激(ES)在臨床應用上非常廣泛，此論文研究主要針對肌肉電刺激(EMS)、腦電刺激(EBS)來做設計。肌肉電刺激是使用低頻脈衝電流刺激失去神經控制的肌肉，其中的功能性電刺激治療包括：治療廢用性萎縮、肌肉再教育及誘發動作、維持關節活動度、降低痙攣等。病人可以配合電刺激做自主性的收縮，也可以治療因中風或手術等原因造成長期臥床的病患，使這些病人萎縮的肌肉強制收縮，使其達到改善。腦電刺激在於憂鬱症、躁鬱症、思覺失調症、帕金森氏症和急慢性疼痛上都有研究與實驗正在進行，且腦電刺激被視為一種不使用藥物治療的有效替代方法，尤其是非侵入式的腦電刺激技術-經顱電刺激，擁有便利、副作用少和安全性高的優點。
本研究設計了一套擁有肌肉電刺激、腦電刺激且多有多種模式、參數可切換的電刺激裝置。其中針對肌肉的功能性電刺激有單向、雙向脈衝，且可調整電流、頻率、脈衝寬度大小來調整刺激強度，透過不同的刺激強度，可看到肌肉有不同的收縮狀況。腦電刺激包含了經顱直流電刺激(tDCS)、經顱交流電刺激(tACS)外，還有透過時間干涉的非侵入式深部腦刺激(TI-NIDBS)。TI-NIDBS刺激方式能刺激到更深層的神經元，且不會影響到表層皮質的神經元，可達到深部刺激。
本研究目的為將肌肉電刺激、腦電刺激整合成一個可方便操作的電刺激裝置，可透過鍵盤選擇功能、參數，且具備藍芽提供無線控制的功能，使用者可使用可連接無線藍芽設備裝置直接操作電刺激，提升未來臨床研究人員之操作便利性。
;Electrical stimulation (ES) is widely used in clinical applications. The research in this paper is mainly designed for electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) and electrical brain stimulation (EBS). Muscle electrical stimulation is the use of low-frequency pulsed current to stimulate muscles that have lost neural control. The functional electrical stimulation in muscle electrical stimulation treatments is included treatment of disuse atrophy, muscle re-education and induction of movements, maintenance of joint range of motion, and reduction of spasticity. Patients can do voluntary contractions with electrical stimulation, and can also treat patients who have been bedridden for a long time due to stroke or surgery, so that the atrophic muscles of these patients are forced to contract and improve. Brain electrical stimulation research and experiments are ongoing in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson′s disease and acute and chronic pain and Brain electrical stimulation is regarded as an effective alternative to drug-free treatment, especially non-invasive brain electrical stimulation technology - transcranial electrical stimulation, which has the advantages of convenience, less side effects and high safety.
In this study, a set of electrical stimulation devices with multiple modes and switchable parameters were designed with muscle electrical stimulation and brain electrical stimulation. Among them, the functional electrical stimulation for muscles includes one-way and two-way pulses, and the current, frequency, and pulse width can be adjusted to adjust the stimulation intensity. Through different stimulation intensities, it can be seen that the muscles have different contraction conditions. Brain electrical stimulation includes transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and temporally interference noninvasive deep brain stimulation (TI-NIDBS). The TI-NIDBS stimulation method can stimulate deeper neurons without affecting the neurons in the superficial cortex, and can achieve deep stimulation.
The purpose of this research is to integrate muscle electrical stimulation and brain electrical stimulation into a convenient electrical stimulation device, which can select functions and parameters through the keyboard, and has the function of wireless control provided by Bluetooth. The device directly operates electrical stimulation, improving the convenience of operation for future clinical researchers. |
